{ "generated": "2026-10-23", "licence": "CC-BY-4.0", "source": "https://github.com/mbronikowski/cluster-models", "clusters": [ { "name": "1E 0657-56", "common_names": [ "Bullet Cluster" ], "designations": [ "SPT-CL J0658-5556", "ACT-CL J0658.5-5557", "ACT-CL J0658-5557", "ACT-CL J0658-5556", "RXC J0658.5-5556", "RXC J0658.4-5557", "MCXC J0658.5-5556", "PLCKESZ G266.03-21.25", "PSZ1 G266.02-21.23", "PSZ2 G266.04-21.25" ], "ra": "06:58:31.61", "dec": "-55:56:47.4", "z": 0.297, "programs": [ "venus", "muse-lensing" ], "models": [ { "title": "Rihtaršič et al. (2026)", "refs": [ "2026A&A...710A.207R" ], "data": [ "JWST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Model download (CANUCS)", "url": "https://niriss.github.io/lensing.html" }, { "label": "LAM Strong Lensing Cluster Atlas", "url": "https://data.lam.fr/sl-cluster-atlas/home" } ] }, { "title": "Cho et al. (2026)", "refs": [ "2026ApJ..1005...28C" ], "data": [ "JWST" ], "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "weak-lensing" ] }, { "title": "Richard et al. (2021)", "program": "muse-lensing", "refs": [ "2021A&A...646A..83R" ], "data": [ "HST", "MUSE" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Mass model", "url": "https://cral-perso.univ-lyon1.fr/labo/perso/johan.richard/MUSE_data_release/models/BULLET/" } ] } ] }, { "name": "1RXS J060313.4+421231", "common_names": [ "Toothbrush Cluster" ], "aka": [ "RXS J060313.4+4212" ], "ra": "06:03:13.40", "dec": "+42:12:31.0", "z": 0.225, "programs": [ "relics" ], "models": [ { "title": "RELICS", "program": "relics", "data": [ "HST" ], "software": "glafic", "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models, north part (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsps/relics/rxs0603p42-n/models/" }, { "label": "Lens models, south part (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsps/relics/rxs0603p42-s/models/" } ], "note": "MAST provides models made with glafic." } ] }, { "name": "Abell 68", "designations": [ "SPIDERS 1_17014", "NSCS J003706+090916", "ZwCl 0034.4+0851", "MCXC J0037.0+0909", "RXC J0037.0+0909", "ACT-CL J0037.1+0909", "PSZ1 G116.90-53.55", "PSZ2 G116.95-53.55" ], "ra": "00:37:06.84", "dec": "+09:09:24.30", "z": 0.255, "programs": [ "slice", "venus" ], "models": [ { "title": "SLICE: Cerny et al. (2026a)", "program": "slice", "refs": [ "2026ApJ..1001...60C" ], "data": [ "JWST" ], "availability": "upcoming", "note": "The model will be released on the\n[LAM Strong Lensing Cluster Atlas](program:lam-atlas)." }, { "title": "Richard et al. (2007)", "refs": [ "2007ApJ...662..781R" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Model download (Lenstool wiki)", "url": "https://projets.lam.fr/projects/lenstool/wiki" } ] }, { "title": "Smith et al. (2005)", "refs": [ "2005MNRAS.359..417S" ], "availability": "unknown" } ] }, { "name": "Abell 209", "designations": [ "ACT-CL J0131.8-1336", "MCXC J0131.8-1336", "RBS 0211", "PSZ2 G159.91-73.50", "RXC J0131.8-1336", "PLCKESZ G159.85-73.47", "PSZ1 G159.81-73.47" ], "ra": "01:31:53.00", "dec": "-13:36:34.00", "z": 0.209, "programs": [ "clash", "venus", "alcs" ], "models": [ { "title": "CLASH: Zitrin et al. (2015)", "program": "clash", "refs": [ "2015ApJ...801...44Z" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/missions/hlsp/clash/a209/models/" } ] }, { "title": "Smith et al. (2005)", "refs": [ "2005MNRAS.359..417S" ], "availability": "unknown" } ] }, { "name": "Abell 267", "designations": [ "SCL 034 NED03", "RX J0152.7+0100", "RXC J0152.7+0100", "MCXC J0152.7+0100", "ACT-CL J0152.7+0100", "ACT-CL J0152.6+0100", "PSZ1 G153.07-58.27", "PSZ2 G153.00-58.26" ], "ra": "01:52:42.0", "dec": "+01:00:25.5", "z": 0.23, "models": [ { "title": "Smith et al. (2005)", "refs": [ "2005MNRAS.359..417S" ], "availability": "unknown" } ] }, { "name": "Abell 370", "designations": [ "NSCS J023955-013321", "ZwCl 0237.2-0146", "WHL J023953.1-013456", "ACT-CL J0239-0134", "ACT-CL J0239.8-0134", "PSZ1 G172.97-53.54", "PSZ2 G172.98-53.55" ], "ra": "02:39:53.12", "dec": "-01:34:56.0", "z": 0.375, "programs": [ "hff", "buffalo", "canucs", "venus", "muse-lensing", "alcs" ], "models": [ { "title": "Diego et al. (2025)", "refs": [ "2025A&A...703A.207D" ], "data": [ "JWST" ], "availability": "unknown" }, { "title": "CANUCS: Gledhill et al. (2024)", "program": "canucs", "refs": [ "2024ApJ...973...77G" ], "data": [ "JWST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "CANUCS DR1 lens models", "url": "https://www.canfar.net/storage/vault/list/canucs/CANUCS_DR1/lensing" } ] }, { "title": "Niemiec et al. (2023)", "program": "buffalo", "refs": [ "2023MNRAS.524.2883N" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "tags": [ "weak-lensing" ], "links": [ { "label": "Download script for all model types (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsps/buffalo/download_scripts/hlsp_buffalo_hst_multi_abell370_multi_v1.0_catalogs-download.sh" } ], "note": "Strong+weak-lensing model based on [BUFFALO](program:buffalo) observations. Scripts\nfor individual model types are also available on the BUFFALO MAST page." }, { "title": "Ghosh et al. (2021)", "refs": [ "2021MNRAS.506.6144G" ], "software": "GRALE", "availability": "on-request", "tags": [ "free-form" ] }, { "title": "Richard et al. (2021)", "program": "muse-lensing", "refs": [ "2021A&A...646A..83R" ], "data": [ "HST", "MUSE" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Mass model", "url": "https://cral-perso.univ-lyon1.fr/labo/perso/johan.richard/MUSE_data_release/models/A370/" } ], "note": "Pre-_JWST_ model." }, { "title": "Lagattuta et al. (2017)", "refs": [ "2017MNRAS.469.3946L" ], "data": [ "HST", "MUSE" ], "availability": "unknown" }, { "title": "Hubble Frontier Fields", "program": "hff", "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models from all HFF teams (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/pub/hlsp/frontier/abell370/models/" } ], "note": "Models from several independent teams; see the [HFF program page](program:hff) for\ncredits and acknowledgement requirements." }, { "title": "Richard et al. (2010a)", "refs": [ "2010MNRAS.402L..44R" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Model download (Lenstool wiki)", "url": "https://projets.lam.fr/projects/lenstool/wiki" } ] } ] }, { "name": "Abell 383", "designations": [ "MCXC J0248.0-0332", "RBS 0357", "PSZ1 0604", "PSZ1 G177.64-53.52", "RXC J0248.0-0332", "ACT-CL J0248.0-0331" ], "ra": "02:48:03.39", "dec": "-03:31:45.23", "z": 0.191, "programs": [ "clash", "locuss", "venus", "alcs" ], "models": [ { "title": "VENUS: Golubchik et al. (2026)", "program": "venus", "refs": [ "2026A&A...710A.226G" ], "data": [ "JWST" ], "availability": "unknown", "note": "Updated version of the [CLASH model](#clash-zitrin-et-al-2015); the lens model is not\nthe main focus of the paper." }, { "title": "Cerny et al. (2025)", "refs": [ "2025MNRAS.541.2341C" ], "data": [ "HST", "MUSE" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "on-request", "tags": [ "parametric" ], "note": "Strong-lensing model built around the cluster's radial arc(s), combined with the\nstellar velocity dispersion profile of the BCG to measure the inner slope of the\ndark-matter profile." }, { "title": "CLASH: Zitrin et al. (2015)", "program": "clash", "refs": [ "2015ApJ...801...44Z" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/missions/hlsp/clash/a383/models/" } ], "note": "Previously, the cluster was studied by [Zitrin et al. (2011a)](ref:2011ApJ...742..117Z)\nas part of the CLASH program." }, { "title": "Newman et al. (2011)", "refs": [ "2011ApJ...728L..39N" ], "availability": "unknown" }, { "title": "LoCuSS: Richard et al. (2010b)", "program": "locuss", "refs": [ "2010MNRAS.404..325R" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "unknown" }, { "title": "Smith et al. (2005)", "refs": [ "2005MNRAS.359..417S" ], "availability": "unknown" } ] }, { "name": "Abell 521", "designations": [ "ACT-CL J0454.1-1013", "MCXC J0454.1-1014", "RBS 0604", "1RXS J045409.6-101432", "RXC J0454.1-1014", "PSZ1 G208.80-30.67", "PSZ2 G208.80-30.67" ], "ra": "04:54:09.13", "dec": "-10:14:25.10", "z": 0.253, "programs": [ "locuss", "venus", "muse-lensing" ], "models": [ { "title": "MUSE data release", "program": "muse-lensing", "data": [ "HST", "MUSE" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Mass model", "url": "https://cral-perso.univ-lyon1.fr/labo/perso/johan.richard/MUSE_data_release/models/RXCJ0454/" } ], "note": "Not described in a paper as of August 2026. The model directory is online (files dated\nMay 2025) but not linked from the release page as of October 2026. See also\n[Richard et al. (2021)](ref:2021A&A...646A..83R) and\n[Thai et al. (2023)](ref:2023A&A...678A.139T)." }, { "title": "LoCuSS", "program": "locuss", "refs": [ "2010MNRAS.404..325R" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Model download (Lenstool website)", "url": "https://projets.lam.fr/projects/lenstool/wiki" } ] } ] }, { "name": "Abell 611", "designations": [ "ZwCl 0757.7+3610", "MCXC J0800.9+3602", "PSZ1 0623", "PSZ1 G184.70+28.92", "RXC J0800.9+3602", "PSZ2 G184.68+28.91" ], "ra": "08:00:56.83", "dec": "+36:03:24.1", "z": 0.286, "programs": [ "clash", "locuss" ], "models": [ { "title": "CLASH: Zitrin et al. (2015)", "program": "clash", "refs": [ "2015ApJ...801...44Z" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/missions/hlsp/clash/a611/models/" } ] }, { "title": "LoCuSS", "program": "locuss", "refs": [ "2010MNRAS.404..325R" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "unknown" } ] }, { "name": "Abell 697", "designations": [ "ZwCl 0839.5+3631", "MCXC J0842.9+3621", "RBS 0719", "PSZ1 G186.37+37.26", "RXC J0842.9+3621", "PLCKESZ G186.39+37.25", "PSZ2 G186.37+37.26" ], "ra": "08:42:56.69", "dec": "+36:21:45.0", "z": 0.281, "programs": [ "relics" ], "models": [ { "title": "RELICS: Cibirka et al. (2018)", "program": "relics", "refs": [ "2018ApJ...863..145C" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "tags": [ "multiple-models" ], "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsps/relics/abell697/models/" } ], "note": "MAST provides models made with glafic and LTM (Zitrin)." } ] }, { "name": "Abell 773", "designations": [ "ZwCl 0914.5+5156", "SDSS +139.5+51.7+0.24", "RBS 0763", "PLCKESZ G166.13+43.39", "RXC J0917.8+5143", "MCXC J0917.8+5143", "PSZ1 G166.11+43.40", "PSZ2 G166.09+43.38" ], "ra": "09:17:53.4", "dec": "+51:43:37.5", "z": 0.217, "programs": [ "locuss" ], "models": [ { "title": "LoCuSS", "program": "locuss", "refs": [ "2010MNRAS.404..325R" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Model download (Lenstool website)", "url": "https://projets.lam.fr/projects/lenstool/wiki" } ] }, { "title": "Smith et al. (2005)", "refs": [ "2005MNRAS.359..417S" ], "availability": "unknown" } ] }, { "name": "Abell 963", "designations": [ "ZwCl 1013.7+3915", "WHL J101703.6+390249", "RBS 0849", "PLCKESZ G182.63+55.82", "RXC J1017.0+3902", "MCXC J1017.0+3902", "PSZ1 G182.55+55.83", "PSZ2 G182.59+55.83" ], "ra": "10:17:03.6", "dec": "+39:02:49.4", "z": 0.205, "models": [ { "title": "Smith et al. (2005)", "refs": [ "2005MNRAS.359..417S" ], "availability": "unknown" } ] }, { "name": "Abell 1423", "designations": [ "ZwCl 1154.9+3400", "SCL 110 NED01", "RBS 1052", "PLCKESZ G180.62+76.65", "RXC J1157.3+3336", "MCXC J1157.3+3336", "PSZ1 G180.56+76.66", "PSZ2 G180.60+76.65" ], "ra": "11:57:17.26", "dec": "+33:36:37.4", "z": 0.213, "programs": [ "clash" ], "models": [ { "title": "CLASH: Zitrin et al. (2015)", "program": "clash", "refs": [ "2015ApJ...801...44Z" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/missions/hlsp/clash/a1423/models/" } ] } ] }, { "name": "Abell 1489", "designations": [ "NSCS J121229+273051", "RM J121218.5+273255.1", "RXC J1212.3+2733", "MCXC J1212.3+2733", "PSZ1 G207.87+81.31", "PSZ2 G207.88+81.31" ], "ra": "12:12:18.48", "dec": "+27:32:55.1", "z": 0.351, "models": [ { "title": "Zitrin et al. (2020)", "refs": [ "2020ApJ...903..137Z" ], "data": [ "HST", "Gemini" ], "availability": "defunct", "note": "The download page given in the article (`stsci.edu/~koekemoer/zitrin/RMJ1212`) has\nbeen offline since 2024, and its model directory was not archived. The _HST_ images\nand catalogues of the same release are still at\n[stsci.edu/~dcoe/zitrin/RMJ1212](https://www.stsci.edu/~dcoe/zitrin/RMJ1212/)." } ] }, { "name": "Abell 1689", "designations": [ "NSC J131127-012045", "ZwCl 1308.8-0103", "WHL J131129.5-012028", "RXC J1311.4-0120", "RXC J1311.5-0120", "MCXC J1311.5-0120", "ACT-CL J1311.5-0119", "PLCKESZ G313.36+61.11", "PSZ1 G313.33+61.13", "PSZ2 G313.33+61.13" ], "ra": "13:11:29.51", "dec": "-01:20:28.0", "z": 0.187, "programs": [ "locuss", "venus" ], "models": [ { "title": "Ghosh et al. (2023)", "refs": [ "2023MNRAS.525.2519G" ], "software": "GRALE", "availability": "on-request", "tags": [ "free-form" ] }, { "title": "Diego et al. (2015)", "refs": [ "2015MNRAS.446..683D" ], "software": "WSLAP+", "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "free-form", "weak-lensing" ] }, { "title": "Mohammed et al. (2014)", "refs": [ "2014MNRAS.439.2651M" ], "availability": "unknown", "note": "Modelled in the same paper as [Abell 2218](cluster:abell-2218) and\n[Abell 3827](cluster:abell-3827)." }, { "title": "LoCuSS: Richard et al. (2010b)", "program": "locuss", "refs": [ "2010MNRAS.404..325R" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "unknown" }, { "title": "Limousin et al. (2007)", "refs": [ "2007ApJ...668..643L" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Model download (Lenstool wiki)", "url": "https://projets.lam.fr/projects/lenstool/wiki" } ] } ] }, { "name": "Abell 1703", "designations": [ "SPIDERS 2_02919", "ZwCl 1312.9+5206", "MCXC J1315.1+5149", "CODEX WL 213362", "WHL J131505.2+514902", "RXC J1315.1+5149", "PLCKESZ G114.33+64.87", "PSZ1 G114.29+64.91", "PSZ2 G114.31+64.89" ], "ra": "13:15:05.27", "dec": "+51:49:02.57", "z": 0.282, "models": [ { "title": "Oguri et al. (2012)", "refs": [ "2012MNRAS.420.3213O" ], "availability": "unknown" }, { "title": "Zitrin et al. (2010)", "refs": [ "2010MNRAS.408.1916Z" ], "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "multiple-models" ], "note": "Compares independent lens-modelling techniques on this cluster and presents the\nauthors' own models." }, { "title": "Richard et al. (2009)", "refs": [ "2009A&A...498...37R" ], "data": [ "Keck" ], "availability": "unknown" }, { "title": "Limousin et al. (2008)", "refs": [ "2008A&A...489...23L" ], "availability": "defunct", "note": "As of 2025, the model download link in the paper is defunct." } ] }, { "name": "Abell 1722", "aka": [ "MACS J1319.9+7003" ], "designations": [ "ZwCl 1317.3+7018", "RXC J1320.0+7003", "MCXC J1320.0+7003", "PSZ1 G119.37+46.84", "PSZ2 G119.38+46.85" ], "ra": "13:20:08.40", "dec": "+70:04:37.0", "z": 0.328, "models": [ { "title": "Zitrin (2017)", "refs": [ "2017ApJ...834...45Z" ], "availability": "defunct", "note": "As of 2025, the [FTP download](ftp://wise-ftp.tau.ac.il/pub/adiz/MACS1319/) link\nappears defunct." } ] }, { "name": "Abell 1758a", "common_names": [ "Abell 1758N" ], "designations": [ "ZwCl 1330.4+5047", "RX J1332.7+5033", "MCXC J1332.7+5032", "RXC J1332.7+5032", "PLCKESZ G107.11+65.31", "PSZ1 G107.14+65.29", "PSZ2 G107.10+65.32" ], "ra": "13:32:44.80", "dec": "+50:32:24.0", "z": 0.278, "programs": [ "relics" ], "models": [ { "title": "RELICS", "program": "relics", "data": [ "HST" ], "software": "glafic", "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsps/relics/abell1758/models/" } ], "note": "MAST provides models made with glafic." } ] }, { "name": "Abell 1763", "designations": [ "NSC J133516+410025", "ZwCl 1333.7+4117", "MCXC J1335.3+4059", "RXC J1335.3+4059", "PLCKESZ G092.73+73.46", "PSZ1 G092.67+73.44", "PSZ2 G092.71+73.46" ], "ra": "13:35:18.17", "dec": "+40:59:49.2", "z": 0.232, "programs": [ "relics" ], "models": [ { "title": "RELICS", "program": "relics", "data": [ "HST" ], "software": "glafic", "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsps/relics/abell1763/models/" } ], "note": "MAST provides models made with glafic." }, { "title": "Smith et al. (2005)", "refs": [ "2005MNRAS.359..417S" ], "availability": "unknown" } ] }, { "name": "Abell 1835", "designations": [ "ACT-CL J1401.0+0252", "MCXC J1401.0+0252", "RXC J1401.0+0252", "PSZ1 G340.37+60.57", "PSZ2 G340.36+60.58" ], "ra": "14:01:02.07", "dec": "+02:52:43.2", "z": 0.252, "programs": [ "locuss", "venus" ], "models": [ { "title": "Mistele & Durakovic (2024)", "refs": [ "doi:10.33232/001c.127612" ], "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "weak-lensing", "method-test" ], "note": "Test case for a new non-parametric method of measuring cluster masses from weak\nlensing, the main focus of the paper; [Abell 2744](cluster:abell-2744) is the other\ntest case." }, { "title": "Morandi et al. (2012)", "refs": [ "2012MNRAS.425.2069M" ], "availability": "unknown" }, { "title": "LoCuSS", "program": "locuss", "refs": [ "2010MNRAS.404..325R" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Model download (Lenstool website)", "url": "https://projets.lam.fr/projects/lenstool/wiki" } ] }, { "title": "Smith et al. (2005)", "refs": [ "2005MNRAS.359..417S" ], "availability": "unknown" } ] }, { "name": "Abell 2163", "designations": [ "PLCKESZ G006.78+30.46", "MAXI J1615-058", "XSS J16159-0604", "PLCK G006.8+30.5", "RXC J1615.7-0608", "MCXC J1615.7-0608", "PSZ1 G006.76+30.45", "PSZ2 G006.76+30.45" ], "ra": "16:15:48.95", "dec": "-06:08:41.4", "z": 0.203, "programs": [ "relics", "alcs" ], "models": [ { "title": "Rescigno et al. (2020)", "refs": [ "2020A&A...635A..98R" ], "availability": "unknown" }, { "title": "RELICS: Cerny et al. (2018)", "program": "relics", "refs": [ "2018ApJ...859..159C" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "tags": [ "multiple-models" ], "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsps/relics/abell2163/models/" } ], "note": "MAST provides models made with glafic and Lenstool." } ] }, { "name": "Abell 2204", "designations": [ "ZwCl 1630.5+0535", "ACT-CL J1632.7+0534", "MCXC J1632.7+0534", "RBS 1593", "RXC J1632.7+0534", "PLCKESZ G021.09+33.25", "PSZ1 G021.10+33.24", "PSZ2 G021.10+33.24" ], "ra": "16:32:46.90", "dec": "+05:34:33.00", "z": 0.152, "programs": [ "locuss" ], "models": [ { "title": "LoCuSS", "program": "locuss", "refs": [ "2010MNRAS.404..325R" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Model download (Lenstool website)", "url": "https://projets.lam.fr/projects/lenstool/wiki" } ] } ] }, { "name": "Abell 2218", "designations": [ "NSC J163553+661240", "ZwCl 1635.4+6618", "MCXC J1635.8+6612", "RBS 1596", "RXC J1635.8+6612", "PLCKESZ G097.73+38.11", "PSZ1 G097.72+38.13", "PSZ2 G097.72+38.12" ], "ra": "16:35:51.96", "dec": "+66:12:19.80", "z": 0.175, "programs": [ "locuss" ], "models": [ { "title": "Mohammed et al. (2014)", "refs": [ "2014MNRAS.439.2651M" ], "availability": "unknown", "note": "Modelled in the same paper as [Abell 1689](cluster:abell-1689) and\n[Abell 3827](cluster:abell-3827)." }, { "title": "LoCuSS", "program": "locuss", "refs": [ "2010MNRAS.404..325R" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Model download (Lenstool website)", "url": "https://projets.lam.fr/projects/lenstool/wiki" } ] }, { "title": "Smith et al. (2005)", "refs": [ "2005MNRAS.359..417S" ], "availability": "unknown" } ] }, { "name": "Abell 2219", "designations": [ "I Zw 163", "CGPG 1638.9+4648", "ZwCl 1638.7+4643", "SDSS +250.1+46.7+0.25", "RXC J1640.3+4642", "MCXC J1640.3+4642", "PLCKESZ G072.63+41.46", "PSZ1 G072.61+41.47", "PSZ2 G072.62+41.46" ], "ra": "16:40:21.41", "dec": "+46:42:20.88", "z": 0.226, "programs": [ "locuss" ], "models": [ { "title": "LoCuSS", "program": "locuss", "refs": [ "2010MNRAS.404..325R" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Model download (Lenstool website)", "url": "https://projets.lam.fr/projects/lenstool/wiki" } ] }, { "title": "Smith et al. (2005)", "refs": [ "2005MNRAS.359..417S" ], "availability": "unknown" } ] }, { "name": "Abell 2261", "designations": [ "MCXC J1722.4+3208", "RBS 1641", "PSZ2 G055.59+31.85", "PLCKESZ G055.60+31.86", "RXC J1722.4+3208", "PSZ1 G055.58+31.87" ], "ra": "17:22:27.10", "dec": "+32:08:01.68", "z": 0.225, "programs": [ "clash" ], "models": [ { "title": "CLASH: Zitrin et al. (2015)", "program": "clash", "refs": [ "2015ApJ...801...44Z" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/missions/hlsp/clash/a2261/models/" } ] } ] }, { "name": "Abell 2390", "designations": [ "ZwCl 2151.3+1727", "MCXC J2153.5+1741", "PSZRX G073.95-27.82", "PLCKESZ G073.96-27.82", "RXC J2153.5+1741", "ACT-CL J2153.6+1741", "PSZ1 G073.98-27.83", "PSZ2 G073.97-27.82" ], "ra": "21:53:36.80", "dec": "+17:41:32.2", "z": 0.227, "programs": [ "locuss", "muse-lensing" ], "models": [ { "title": "Abriola et al. (2025)", "refs": [ "2025A&A...704A.338A" ], "data": [ "Euclid" ], "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "parametric" ], "note": "Based on the Euclid Early Release Observations." }, { "title": "Thai et al. (2023)", "program": "muse-lensing", "refs": [ "2023A&A...678A.139T" ], "data": [ "HST", "MUSE" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Mass model", "url": "https://cral-perso.univ-lyon1.fr/labo/perso/johan.richard/MUSE_data_release/models/A2390/" }, { "label": "See also: LAM Strong Lensing Cluster Atlas", "url": "https://data.lam.fr/sl-cluster-atlas/home" } ] }, { "title": "LoCuSS", "program": "locuss", "refs": [ "2010MNRAS.404..325R" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Model download (Lenstool website)", "url": "https://projets.lam.fr/projects/lenstool/wiki" } ] } ] }, { "name": "Abell 2537", "designations": [ "ZwCl 2305.9-0229", "ACT-CL J2308.3-0211", "MCXC J2308.3-0211", "PSZ2 G073.82-54.92", "RXC J2308.3-0211", "PSZ1 G073.85-54.94" ], "ra": "23:08:22.23", "dec": "-02:11:31.8", "z": 0.297, "programs": [ "relics", "venus", "alcs" ], "models": [ { "title": "RELICS: Cerny et al. (2018)", "program": "relics", "refs": [ "2018ApJ...859..159C" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "tags": [ "multiple-models" ], "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsps/relics/abell2537/models/" } ], "note": "MAST provides models made with glafic and Lenstool." } ] }, { "name": "Abell 2667", "designations": [ "ACT-CL J2351.6-2604", "ACT-CL J2351.6-2605", "MCXC J2351.6-2605", "RBS 2054", "PSZ2 G033.97-76.61", "RXC J2351.6-2605", "SPT-CL J2351-2604", "PSZ1 G034.03-76.59" ], "ra": "23:51:40.70", "dec": "-26:05:01.0", "z": 0.232, "programs": [ "muse-lensing" ], "models": [ { "title": "Thai et al. (2023)", "program": "muse-lensing", "refs": [ "2023A&A...678A.139T" ], "data": [ "HST", "MUSE" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Mass model", "url": "https://cral-perso.univ-lyon1.fr/labo/perso/johan.richard/MUSE_data_release/models/A2667/" }, { "label": "See also: LAM Strong Lensing Cluster Atlas", "url": "https://data.lam.fr/sl-cluster-atlas/home" } ] } ] }, { "name": "Abell 2744", "common_names": [ "Pandora's Cluster" ], "designations": [ "AM 0011-303", "MACS J0014.3-3022", "AC 118", "MCXC J0014.3-3023", "RXC J0014.3-3023", "RXC J0014.3-3022", "ACT-CL J0014.3-3022", "SPT-CL J0014-3022", "PLCKESZ G008.93-81.23", "PSZ1 G009.02-81.22", "PSZ2 G008.94-81.22" ], "ra": "00:14:21.16", "dec": "-30:23:52.4", "z": 0.306, "programs": [ "hff", "buffalo", "glass-jwst", "uncover", "muse-lensing", "alcs" ], "models": [ { "title": "GLASS-JWST: Bergamini et al. (2023c)", "program": "glass-jwst", "refs": [ "2023ApJ...952...84B" ], "data": [ "JWST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Model download", "url": "https://www.fe.infn.it/astro/lensing/A2744_Bergamini23/" } ] }, { "title": "UNCOVER: Furtak et al. (2023b)", "program": "uncover", "refs": [ "2023MNRAS.523.4568F", "2025ApJ...982...51P" ], "data": [ "JWST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens model v2.0 (UNCOVER DR4)", "url": "https://jwst-uncover.github.io/DR4.html#LensingMaps" }, { "label": "Older model versions", "url": "https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1Lc7uveJr_ZNIcvAQYVfAeRF8Qr68D_5p" } ], "note": "Please cite [Furtak et al. (2023b)](ref:2023MNRAS.523.4568F) and\n[Price et al. (2025)](ref:2025ApJ...982...51P) when using this model." }, { "title": "Bergamini et al. (2023a)", "refs": [ "2023A&A...670A..60B" ], "availability": "public", "status": "superseded", "links": [ { "label": "Model download", "url": "https://www.fe.infn.it/astro/lensing/A2744_Bergamini22/" }, { "label": "See also: Ferrara lens-model page", "url": "https://www.fe.infn.it/astro/lensing/" } ], "note": "Pre-_JWST_ model, now considered obsolete." }, { "title": "Richard et al. (2021)", "program": "muse-lensing", "refs": [ "2021A&A...646A..83R" ], "data": [ "HST", "MUSE" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Mass model", "url": "https://cral-perso.univ-lyon1.fr/labo/perso/johan.richard/MUSE_data_release/models/A2744/" } ], "note": "Pre-_JWST_ model." }, { "title": "Sebesta et al. (2019)", "refs": [ "2019MNRAS.488.3251S" ], "software": "GRALE", "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "free-form" ] }, { "title": "Mahler et al. (2018)", "refs": [ "2018MNRAS.473..663M" ], "data": [ "HST", "MUSE" ], "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "parametric" ] }, { "title": "Hubble Frontier Fields", "program": "hff", "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models from all HFF teams (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/pub/hlsp/frontier/abell2744/models/" } ], "note": "Models from several independent teams; see the [HFF program page](program:hff) for\ncredits and acknowledgement requirements." }, { "title": "Mistele & Durakovic (2024)", "refs": [ "doi:10.33232/001c.127612" ], "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "weak-lensing", "method-test" ], "note": "Test case for a new non-parametric method of measuring cluster masses from weak\nlensing, the main focus of the paper; [Abell 1835](cluster:abell-1835) is the other\ntest case." } ] }, { "name": "Abell 2813", "designations": [ "WHL J004324.6-203730", "ACT-CL J0043.3-2037", "MCXC J0043.4-2037", "PSZ1 G106.84-83.24", "RXC J0043.4-2037", "SPT-CL J0043-2037", "PLCKESZ G106.73-83.22", "PSZ2 G106.87-83.23" ], "ra": "00:43:24.56", "dec": "-20:37:29.9", "z": 0.292, "programs": [ "relics", "venus" ], "models": [ { "title": "RELICS", "program": "relics", "data": [ "HST" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsps/relics/abell2813/models/" } ], "note": "MAST provides models made with Lenstool." } ] }, { "name": "Abell 3192", "designations": [ "AM 0356-300", "RXC J0358.9-2955", "MCXC J0358.9-2955", "ACT-CL J0358.9-2955", "SPT-CL J0358-2955", "PSZ1 G228.31-49.02", "PSZ2 G228.30-49.02" ], "ra": "03:58:47.56", "dec": "-29:53:42.35", "z": 0.168, "programs": [ "relics", "venus", "alcs" ], "notes": "Abell 3192 (z = 0.168) lies in front of the more massive\n[MACS J0358.8-2955](cluster:macs-j0358.8m2955) (z = 0.425), 2.5' away. RELICS and VENUS\nlist the field under the name Abell 3192, but the strong lensing, and the RELICS lens\nmodel, belong to MACS J0358.8-2955 ([Coe et al. 2019](ref:2019ApJ...884...85C);\n[Hsu et al. 2013](ref:2013MNRAS.429..833H)), so the models are listed on its page." }, { "name": "Abell 3827", "designations": [ "AM 2158-601", "APMCC 743", "SPT-CL J2201-5956", "ACT-CL J2201.8-5956", "RXC J2201.9-5956", "MCXC J2201.9-5956", "PLCKESZ G332.23-46.36", "PSZ1 G332.21-46.38", "PSZ2 G332.23-46.37" ], "ra": "22:01:53.45", "dec": "-59:56:50.28", "z": 0.099, "models": [ { "title": "Massey et al. (2018)", "refs": [ "2018MNRAS.477..669M" ], "data": [ "ALMA", "MUSE" ], "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "multiple-models" ] }, { "title": "Massey et al. (2015)", "refs": [ "2015MNRAS.449.3393M" ], "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "multiple-models" ] }, { "title": "Mohammed et al. (2014)", "refs": [ "2014MNRAS.439.2651M" ], "availability": "unknown", "note": "Modelled in the same paper as [Abell 1689](cluster:abell-1689) and\n[Abell 2218](cluster:abell-2218)." }, { "title": "Carrasco et al. (2010)", "refs": [ "2010ApJ...715L.160C" ], "data": [ "Gemini" ], "availability": "unknown" } ] }, { "name": "Abell S295", "designations": [ "SPT-CL J0245-5302", "ACT-CL J0245.5-5302", "ACT-CL J0245-5302", "ACT-CL J0245-5301", "RXC J0245.4-5302", "PLCKESZ G271.50-56.55", "PSZ1 G271.48-56.57", "PSZ2 G271.53-56.57" ], "ra": "02:45:29.09", "dec": "-53:01:25.3", "z": 0.3, "programs": [ "relics", "venus", "alcs" ], "models": [ { "title": "RELICS: Cibirka et al. (2018)", "program": "relics", "refs": [ "2018ApJ...863..145C" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "tags": [ "multiple-models" ], "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsps/relics/abells295/models/" } ], "note": "MAST provides models made with glafic and LTM (Zitrin)." } ] }, { "name": "Abell S1063", "aka": [ "RXC J2248.7-4431" ], "designations": [ "SPT-CL J2248-4431", "MCXC J2248.7-4431", "RBS 1898", "PSZ1 G349.46-59.92", "ACT-CL J2248.8-4431", "PLCKESZ G349.46-59.94", "PSZ2 G349.46-59.95" ], "ra": "22:48:45.76", "dec": "-44:31:36.8", "z": 0.348, "programs": [ "clash", "hff", "buffalo", "venus", "muse-lensing", "alcs" ], "models": [ { "title": "Beauchesne et al. (2026)", "refs": [ "2026MNRAS.550ag829B" ], "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "multiple-models" ] }, { "title": "Beauchesne et al. (2024)", "refs": [ "2024MNRAS.527.3246B" ], "data": [ "MUSE" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Model files (GitHub)", "url": "https://github.com/njzifjoiez/AS1063-model-Beauchesne-2023" } ], "note": "The authors also publish a new analysis of the MUSE data cube on\n[Johan Richard's page](https://cral-perso.univ-lyon1.fr/labo/perso/johan.richard/MUSE_data_release/)." }, { "title": "Limousin et al. (2022)", "refs": [ "2022A&A...664A..90L" ], "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "parametric" ], "note": "Revisits the [Bergamini et al. (2019)](#bergamini-et-al-2019) model." }, { "title": "MUSE data release", "program": "muse-lensing", "refs": [ "2024MNRAS.527.3246B", "2023A&A...678A.139T" ], "data": [ "HST", "MUSE" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Mass model", "url": "https://cral-perso.univ-lyon1.fr/labo/perso/johan.richard/MUSE_data_release/models/AS1063/" } ], "note": "Pre-_JWST_ model. The cluster is not part of the [Richard et al. (2021)](ref:2021A&A...646A..83R)\natlas: [Thai et al. (2023)](ref:2023A&A...678A.139T) credit this model to\n[Beauchesne et al. (2024)](ref:2024MNRAS.527.3246B)." }, { "title": "Bergamini et al. (2019)", "refs": [ "2019A&A...631A.130B" ], "data": [ "HST", "MUSE" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Model download", "url": "https://www.fe.infn.it/astro/lensing/RXJ2248_Bergamini19/" }, { "label": "See also: Ferrara lens-model page", "url": "https://www.fe.infn.it/astro/lensing/" } ] }, { "title": "Bonamigo et al. (2018)", "refs": [ "2018ApJ...864...98B" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Model download", "url": "https://www.fe.infn.it/astro/lensing/RXJ2248_Bonamigo18/" }, { "label": "See also: Ferrara lens-model page", "url": "https://www.fe.infn.it/astro/lensing/" } ] }, { "title": "Caminha et al. (2016)", "refs": [ "2016A&A...587A..80C" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Model download", "url": "https://www.fe.infn.it/astro/lensing/A1063_Caminha/" }, { "label": "See also: Ferrara lens-model page", "url": "https://www.fe.infn.it/astro/lensing/" } ] }, { "title": "Hubble Frontier Fields", "program": "hff", "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models from all HFF teams (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/pub/hlsp/frontier/abells1063/models/" } ], "note": "Models from several independent teams; see the [HFF program page](program:hff) for\ncredits and acknowledgement requirements." }, { "title": "CLASH: Zitrin et al. (2015)", "program": "clash", "refs": [ "2015ApJ...801...44Z" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/missions/hlsp/clash/rxj2248/models/" } ] } ] }, { "name": "Abell S1077", "aka": [ "AC 114" ], "designations": [ "PLCKESZ G008.30-64.75", "PLCK G008.3-64.8", "ACT-CL J2258.8-3447", "ACT-CL J2258.7-3447", "SPT-CL J2258-3447", "PSZ1 G008.33-64.74", "PSZ2 G008.31-64.74" ], "ra": "22:58:52.33", "dec": "-34:46:54.60", "z": 0.312, "programs": [ "slice" ], "models": [ { "title": "SLICE: Limousin et al. (2026)", "program": "slice", "refs": [ "2026A&A...711A.143L" ], "data": [ "JWST", "HST" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "LAM Strong Lensing Cluster Atlas", "url": "https://data.lam.fr/sl-cluster-atlas/search/result/model?s=111&a=2;3;1;4;5;6;7;8;9;10;11;12;13;14;15;16;17;18;19;20;21;22;23;24;25;26&c=2::eq::AC114" } ], "note": "Lenstool model fitted jointly to 16 multiple-image systems and Chandra X-ray data." }, { "title": "Campusano et al. (2001)", "refs": [ "2001A&A...378..394C" ], "availability": "unknown", "note": "Updated version of the [Natarajan et al. (1998)](#natarajan-et-al-1998) model, using\nVLT spectroscopy." }, { "title": "Natarajan et al. (1998)", "refs": [ "1998ApJ...499..600N" ], "availability": "unknown" } ] }, { "name": "ACT-CL J0102-4915", "common_names": [ "El Gordo" ], "designations": [ "SPT-CL J0102-4915", "PSZ1 G297.94-67.76", "PSZ2 G297.97-67.74" ], "ra": "01:02:52.50", "dec": "-49:14:58.0", "z": 0.87, "programs": [ "relics", "pearls", "venus", "alcs" ], "models": [ { "title": "PEARLS: Diego et al. (2023)", "program": "pearls", "refs": [ "2023A&A...672A...3D" ], "data": [ "JWST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Model download (via the PEARLS website)", "url": "https://arizonastateuniversity10.app.box.com/s/3uaxcs83lv996n1sbuy3brzr2nv85ns9" } ] }, { "title": "Caminha et al. (2023)", "refs": [ "2023A&A...678A...3C" ], "data": [ "MUSE" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Model download (CDS)", "url": "https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/J/A+A/678/A3/" } ] }, { "title": "Diego et al. (2020)", "refs": [ "2020ApJ...904..106D" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "software": "WSLAP+", "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "free-form" ], "note": "Free-form WSLAP+ model using the RELICS imaging and new multiple-image candidates." }, { "title": "RELICS: Cerny et al. (2018)", "program": "relics", "refs": [ "2018ApJ...859..159C" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "tags": [ "multiple-models" ], "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsps/relics/act0102m49/models/" } ], "note": "MAST provides models made with glafic and Lenstool." } ] }, { "name": "ACT-CL J0327.4-1326", "designations": [ "RCS2 J032727-132623", "WHL J032727.5-132630" ], "ra": "03:27:27.31", "dec": "-13:26:23.65", "z": 0.564, "programs": [ "slice" ], "models": [ { "title": "SLICE: Cerny et al. (2026a)", "program": "slice", "refs": [ "2026ApJ..1001...60C" ], "data": [ "JWST" ], "availability": "upcoming", "note": "The model will be released on the\n[LAM Strong Lensing Cluster Atlas](program:lam-atlas)." }, { "title": "Sharon et al. (2012)", "refs": [ "2012ApJ...746..161S" ], "availability": "unknown" } ] }, { "name": "ACT-CL J0443.1+0210", "aka": [ "MS 0440.5+0204" ], "designations": [ "MCXC J0443.1+0210", "1AXG J044311+0210" ], "ra": "04:43:09.71", "dec": "+02:10:18.67", "z": 0.19, "models": [ { "title": "Carrasco et al. (2021)", "refs": [ "2021ApJ...918...61C" ], "availability": "unknown", "note": "Updated version of the [Verdugo et al. (2020)](#verdugo-et-al-2020) model, with a more\ncomprehensive dataset." }, { "title": "Verdugo et al. (2020)", "refs": [ "2020ApJ...897....4V" ], "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "parametric", "multiple-models" ] } ] }, { "name": "ACT-CL J0603.9-3557", "common_names": [ "Carousel Lens" ], "aka": [ "DESI-090.9854-35.9683" ], "designations": [ "DES J060356.50-355805.7", "PSZRX G242.36-24.59" ], "ra": "06:03:57.16", "dec": "-35:57:59.50", "z": 0.494, "models": [ { "title": "Sheu et al. (2024)", "refs": [ "2024ApJ...973....3S" ], "availability": "unknown" } ] }, { "name": "ACT-CL J2327.4-0204", "aka": [ "RCS2 J232727.6-020437" ], "designations": [ "RCS2 J2327-0204", "PSZ1 G080.66-57.87", "eMACS J2327.4-0204" ], "ra": "23:27:27.70", "dec": "-02:04:37.00", "z": 0.6986, "models": [ { "title": "Ebeling et al. (2025)", "refs": [ "2025MNRAS.537.2662E" ], "data": [ "HST", "Keck" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "parametric" ] }, { "title": "Hoag et al. (2015)", "refs": [ "2015ApJ...813...37H" ], "availability": "unknown" }, { "title": "Sharon et al. (2015)", "refs": [ "2015ApJ...814...21S" ], "availability": "unknown" } ] }, { "name": "CL 0024+1654", "designations": [ "WHL J002635.7+170943" ], "ra": "00:26:35.70", "dec": "+17:09:46.0", "z": 0.394, "models": [ { "title": "Wagner et al. (2018)", "refs": [ "2018A&A...612A..17W" ], "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "multiple-models" ] }, { "title": "Zitrin et al. (2009)", "refs": [ "2009MNRAS.396.1985Z" ], "availability": "unknown" }, { "title": "Liesenborgs et al. (2008)", "refs": [ "2008MNRAS.389..415L" ], "software": "GRALE", "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "free-form" ] } ] }, { "name": "CL J1226.9+3332", "designations": [ "WARP J1226.9+3332", "400d J1226+3332", "BMW-HRI J122657.3+333253", "MCXC J1226.9+3332", "RXC J1226.9+3332", "PSZ2 G160.83+81.66" ], "ra": "12:26:58.00", "dec": "+33:32:54.1", "z": 0.891, "programs": [ "clash" ], "models": [ { "title": "CLASH: Zitrin et al. (2015)", "program": "clash", "refs": [ "2015ApJ...801...44Z" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/missions/hlsp/clash/clj1226/models/" }, { "label": "CLASH website", "url": "https://www.stsci.edu/~postman/CLASH/for_astronomers.html" } ] } ] }, { "name": "COOL J0335-1927", "ra": "03:35:04.0", "dec": "-19:27:51.0", "z": 0.418, "models": [ { "title": "Napier et al. (2023a)", "refs": [ "2023ApJ...954L..38N" ], "availability": "unknown", "note": "Discovery paper of the [lensed quasar](transient:cool-j0335m1927-agn) behind the\ncluster." } ] }, { "name": "COOL J0542-2125", "ra": "05:42:57.23", "dec": "-21:25:34.14", "z": 0.61, "models": [ { "title": "Martinez et al. (2023)", "refs": [ "2023ApJ...946...63M" ], "availability": "unknown", "note": "Discovery paper of the [multiply imaged quasar](transient:cool-j0542m2125-agn) lensed\nby the cluster." } ] }, { "name": "COOL J1241+2219", "ra": "12:41:30.06", "dec": "+22:19:46.0", "z": 1.001, "models": [ { "title": "Khullar et al. (2024)", "refs": [ "2024ApJ...963...44K" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "parametric" ], "note": "HST-based model of the cluster lensing COOL J1241+2219, the brightest known lensed\ngalaxy at z = 5." } ], "notes": "Position: the BCG, as given by [Khullar et al. (2024)](ref:2024ApJ...963...44K)." }, { "name": "eMACS J0030.5+2618", "designations": [ "MCXC J0030.5+2618", "RM J003034.0+261809.1" ], "ra": "00:30:34.0", "dec": "+26:18:09.1", "z": 0.497, "models": [ { "title": "Ebeling et al. (2025)", "refs": [ "2025MNRAS.537.2662E" ], "data": [ "HST", "Keck" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "parametric" ] } ], "notes": "Position: BCG, from redMaPPer (RM J003034.0+261809.1)." }, { "name": "eMACS J0121.4+2143", "designations": [ "RM J012127.8+214403.7" ], "ra": "01:21:27.8", "dec": "+21:44:03.7", "z": 0.6011, "models": [ { "title": "Ebeling et al. (2025)", "refs": [ "2025MNRAS.537.2662E" ], "data": [ "HST", "Keck" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "parametric" ] } ], "notes": "Position: BCG, from redMaPPer (RM J012127.8+214403.7)." }, { "name": "eMACS J0252.4-2100", "designations": [ "ACT-CL J0252.4-2100", "SPT-CL J0252-2100" ], "ra": "02:52:27.41", "dec": "-21:00:50.68", "z": 0.703, "models": [ { "title": "Ebeling et al. (2025)", "refs": [ "2025MNRAS.537.2662E" ], "data": [ "HST", "Keck" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "parametric" ] }, { "title": "Ebeling et al. (2021)", "refs": [ "2021MNRAS.508.3663E" ], "availability": "unknown" } ] }, { "name": "eMACS J0256.7-1623", "designations": [ "ACT-CL J0256.7-1623" ], "ra": "02:56:46.07", "dec": "-16:23:09.5", "z": 0.8621, "models": [ { "title": "Ebeling et al. (2025)", "refs": [ "2025MNRAS.537.2662E" ], "data": [ "HST", "Keck" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "parametric" ] } ], "notes": "Position: SZ centre of ACT-CL J0256.7-1623; no published BCG position." }, { "name": "eMACS J0324.0+2421", "ra": "03:24:00.0", "dec": "+24:21:00", "z": 0.9023, "models": [ { "title": "Ebeling et al. (2025)", "refs": [ "2025MNRAS.537.2662E" ], "data": [ "HST", "Keck" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "parametric" ] } ], "notes": "Position: from the eMACS catalogue name only, accurate to about 1'." }, { "name": "eMACS J0502.9-2902", "designations": [ "SPT-CL J0502-2902", "ACT-CL J0502.9-2902" ], "ra": "05:02:54.6", "dec": "-29:02:21", "z": 0.6028, "models": [ { "title": "Ebeling et al. (2025)", "refs": [ "2025MNRAS.537.2662E" ], "data": [ "HST", "Keck" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "parametric" ] } ], "notes": "Position: BCG, from [Zalesky & Ebeling (2020)](ref:2020MNRAS.498.1121Z)." }, { "name": "eMACS J0834.2+4524", "designations": [ "RM J083416.3+452420.0" ], "ra": "08:34:16.26", "dec": "+45:24:19.9", "z": 0.6606, "models": [ { "title": "Ebeling et al. (2025)", "refs": [ "2025MNRAS.537.2662E" ], "data": [ "HST", "Keck" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "parametric" ] } ], "notes": "Position: BCG, from redMaPPer (RM J083416.3+452420.0)." }, { "name": "eMACS J0840.2+4421", "designations": [ "PSZ2 G176.27+37.54" ], "ra": "08:40:09.4", "dec": "+44:21:54", "z": 0.6377, "models": [ { "title": "Ebeling et al. (2025)", "refs": [ "2025MNRAS.537.2662E" ], "data": [ "HST", "Keck" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "parametric" ] } ], "notes": "Position: BCG, from [Zalesky & Ebeling (2020)](ref:2020MNRAS.498.1121Z)." }, { "name": "eMACS J0934.6+0540", "designations": [ "ACT-CL J0934.6+0541", "PSZ2 G228.38+38.58", "RM J093439.0+054144.8" ], "ra": "09:34:39.0", "dec": "+05:41:47", "z": 0.5627, "models": [ { "title": "Ebeling et al. (2025)", "refs": [ "2025MNRAS.537.2662E" ], "data": [ "HST", "Keck" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "parametric" ] } ], "notes": "Position: BCG, from [Zalesky & Ebeling (2020)](ref:2020MNRAS.498.1121Z); the cluster has\ntwo BCGs." }, { "name": "eMACS J0943.3-1842", "ra": "09:43:18.2", "dec": "-18:42:34.5", "z": 0.5687, "models": [ { "title": "Ebeling et al. (2025)", "refs": [ "2025MNRAS.537.2662E" ], "data": [ "HST", "Keck" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "parametric" ], "note": "Leaves out a second mass component that the lensing data do not yet constrain." } ], "notes": "Position: X-ray/SZ catalogue position (PSZRX G252.83+25.35), accurate to about 1'; no\npublished BCG position." }, { "name": "eMACS J1057.5+5759", "designations": [ "PSZ1 G147.86+53.24", "RM J105731.0+575945.8", "PSZ2 G147.88+53.24" ], "ra": "10:57:31.0", "dec": "+57:59:45.8", "z": 0.6027, "models": [ { "title": "Ebeling et al. (2025)", "refs": [ "2025MNRAS.537.2662E" ], "data": [ "HST", "Keck" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "parametric" ] } ], "notes": "Position: BCG, from redMaPPer (RM J105731.0+575945.8)." }, { "name": "eMACS J1157.9-1046", "designations": [ "PSZ1 G282.30+49.92", "PSZ2 G282.28+49.94" ], "ra": "11:57:57.3", "dec": "-10:46:01", "z": 0.557, "models": [ { "title": "Ebeling et al. (2025)", "refs": [ "2025MNRAS.537.2662E" ], "data": [ "HST", "Keck" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "parametric" ], "note": "Leaves out a second mass component that the lensing data do not yet constrain." } ], "notes": "Position: BCG, from [Zalesky & Ebeling (2020)](ref:2020MNRAS.498.1121Z)." }, { "name": "eMACS J1212.5-1216", "ra": "12:12:30.0", "dec": "-12:16:00", "z": 0.6786, "models": [ { "title": "Ebeling et al. (2025)", "refs": [ "2025MNRAS.537.2662E" ], "data": [ "HST", "Keck" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "parametric" ] } ], "notes": "Position: from the eMACS catalogue name only, accurate to about 1'." }, { "name": "eMACS J1248.2+0743", "designations": [ "ACT-CL J1248.2+0743" ], "ra": "12:48:16.7", "dec": "+07:42:58", "z": 0.5733, "models": [ { "title": "Ebeling et al. (2025)", "refs": [ "2025MNRAS.537.2662E" ], "data": [ "HST", "Keck" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "parametric" ] } ], "notes": "Position: BCG, from [Zalesky & Ebeling (2020)](ref:2020MNRAS.498.1121Z)." }, { "name": "eMACS J1341.9-2442", "ra": "13:42:00.2", "dec": "-24:42:01", "z": 0.835, "models": [ { "title": "Ebeling et al. (2025)", "refs": [ "2025MNRAS.537.2662E" ], "data": [ "HST", "Keck" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "parametric" ] }, { "title": "Ebeling et al. (2018)", "refs": [ "2018ApJ...852L...7E" ], "availability": "unknown" } ], "notes": "Position: BCG, from [Zalesky & Ebeling (2020)](ref:2020MNRAS.498.1121Z) (before October\n2026 this entry used the position encoded in the eMACS name, 1.4' away)." }, { "name": "eMACS J1353.7+4329", "designations": [ "PSZ2 G089.39+69.36" ], "ra": "13:53:45.0", "dec": "+43:29:05.1", "z": 0.7364, "models": [ { "title": "Ebeling et al. (2025)", "refs": [ "2025MNRAS.537.2662E" ], "data": [ "HST", "Keck" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "parametric" ] } ], "notes": "Position: optical cluster centre from [Buddendiek et al. (2015)](ref:2015MNRAS.450.4248B);\nno published BCG position." }, { "name": "eMACS J1437.8+0616", "designations": [ "ACT-CL J1437.8+0616", "RM J143749.8+061641.2" ], "ra": "14:37:49.8", "dec": "+06:16:41", "z": 0.535, "models": [ { "title": "Ebeling et al. (2025)", "refs": [ "2025MNRAS.537.2662E" ], "data": [ "HST", "Keck" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "parametric" ] } ], "notes": "Position: BCG, from [Zalesky & Ebeling (2020)](ref:2020MNRAS.498.1121Z)." }, { "name": "eMACS J1527.6+2044", "ra": "15:27:41.93", "dec": "+20:44:42.8", "z": 0.6967, "models": [ { "title": "Ebeling et al. (2025)", "refs": [ "2025MNRAS.537.2662E" ], "data": [ "HST", "Keck" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "parametric" ] } ], "notes": "Position: optical cluster centre from [Buddendiek et al. (2015)](ref:2015MNRAS.450.4248B);\nno published BCG position." }, { "name": "eMACS J1756.8+4008", "designations": [ "PSZ1 G066.41+27.03", "PSZ2 G066.41+27.03" ], "ra": "17:56:52.6", "dec": "+40:08:07", "z": 0.5743, "models": [ { "title": "Ebeling et al. (2025)", "refs": [ "2025MNRAS.537.2662E" ], "data": [ "HST", "Keck" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "parametric" ], "note": "Leaves out a second mass component that the lensing data do not yet constrain." } ], "notes": "Position: BCG, from [Zalesky & Ebeling (2020)](ref:2020MNRAS.498.1121Z)." }, { "name": "eMACS J1852.0+4900", "ra": "18:52:02.7", "dec": "+49:01:18", "z": 0.6035, "models": [ { "title": "Ebeling et al. (2025)", "refs": [ "2025MNRAS.537.2662E" ], "data": [ "HST", "Keck" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "parametric" ] } ], "notes": "Position: BCG, from [Zalesky & Ebeling (2020)](ref:2020MNRAS.498.1121Z)." }, { "name": "eMACS J2229.9-0808", "ra": "22:29:54.0", "dec": "-08:08:00", "z": 0.6214, "models": [ { "title": "Ebeling et al. (2025)", "refs": [ "2025MNRAS.537.2662E" ], "data": [ "HST", "Keck" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "parametric" ], "note": "Leaves out a second mass component that the lensing data do not yet constrain." } ], "notes": "Position: from the eMACS catalogue name only, accurate to about 1'." }, { "name": "eMACS J2316.6+1246", "designations": [ "ACT-CL J2316.7+1246", "PSZ2 G089.99-43.91", "RM J231643.0+124654.6" ], "ra": "23:16:42.9", "dec": "+12:46:55", "z": 0.5258, "models": [ { "title": "Ebeling et al. (2025)", "refs": [ "2025MNRAS.537.2662E" ], "data": [ "HST", "Keck" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "parametric" ] } ], "notes": "Position: BCG, from [Zalesky & Ebeling (2020)](ref:2020MNRAS.498.1121Z)." }, { "name": "MACS J0025.4-1222", "common_names": [ "Baby Bullet" ], "designations": [ "CDGS 37", "ACT-CL J0025.4-1222", "MCXC J0025.4-1222" ], "ra": "00:25:29.38", "dec": "-12:22:37.1", "z": 0.584, "programs": [ "relics", "venus" ], "models": [ { "title": "RELICS: Cibirka et al. (2018)", "program": "relics", "refs": [ "2018ApJ...863..145C" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "tags": [ "multiple-models" ], "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsps/relics/macs0025m12/models/" } ], "note": "MAST provides models made with glafic and LTM (Zitrin)." }, { "title": "Zitrin et al. (2011b)", "refs": [ "2011MNRAS.410.1939Z" ], "availability": "unknown" } ] }, { "name": "MACS J0027.8+2616", "designations": [ "SPIDERS 2_08798", "WHL J002745.8+261626", "RM J002743.6+261621.3", "CODEX WL 225598" ], "ra": "00:27:45.8", "dec": "+26:16:26.3", "z": 0.365, "programs": [ "slice" ], "models": [ { "title": "SLICE: Cerny et al. (2026a)", "program": "slice", "refs": [ "2026ApJ..1001...60C" ], "data": [ "JWST" ], "availability": "upcoming", "note": "The model will be released on the\n[LAM Strong Lensing Cluster Atlas](program:lam-atlas)." } ] }, { "name": "MACS J0035.4-2015", "designations": [ "WHL J003526.2-201544", "SPT-CL J0035-2015", "ACT-CL J0035.4-2015", "MCXC J0035.4-2015", "RXC J0035.4-2015", "PSZ1 G093.91-82.20", "PSZ2 G093.93-82.22" ], "ra": "00:35:26.16", "dec": "-20:15:44.3", "z": 0.352, "programs": [ "relics", "venus", "alcs" ], "models": [ { "title": "Somma et al. (2025)", "refs": [ "2025A&A...698A.161S" ], "data": [ "MUSE" ], "availability": "unknown" }, { "title": "RELICS", "program": "relics", "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "tags": [ "multiple-models" ], "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsps/relics/macs0035m20/models/" } ], "note": "MAST provides models made with glafic and Lenstool." } ] }, { "name": "MACS J0138.0-2155", "ra": "01:38:03.77", "dec": "-21:55:31.7", "z": 0.338, "models": [ { "title": "Bazzanini et al. (2026)", "refs": [ "arXiv:2606.25205" ], "data": [ "JWST", "HST", "MUSE" ], "software": "other", "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "time-delay-cosmography" ], "note": "Model made with the Gravity.jl code from 23 spectroscopically confirmed images of\n8 sources, used for a new H0 measurement with SN Requiem and SN Encore." }, { "title": "Suyu et al. (2026)", "refs": [ "2026A&A...708A.291S" ], "data": [ "JWST" ], "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "time-delay-cosmography", "multiple-models" ], "note": "Seven modelling approaches with six codes, used with\n[Pierel et al. (2026)](ref:2026ApJ...998..219P) for a time-delay H0 measurement from\n[SN Encore](transient:sn-encore), and for forecasts of the reappearances of SN Requiem\nand SN Encore." }, { "title": "Ertl et al. (2025)", "refs": [ "2025A&A...702A.157E" ], "data": [ "JWST", "HST", "MUSE" ], "software": "GLEE", "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "time-delay-cosmography", "multiple-models" ], "note": "Seven GLEE mass models built for time-delay cosmography with\n[SN Encore](transient:sn-encore) and [SN Requiem](transient:sn-requiem), constrained by\n23 multiple images of 8 systems and by stellar velocity dispersions of cluster members.\nThe final model combines four multi-plane models; the paper also gives the predicted\npositions and magnifications of both supernovae. One of the models compared in\n[Suyu et al. (2026)](ref:2026A&A...708A.291S)." }, { "title": "Acebron et al. (2025)", "refs": [ "2025A&A...699A.101A" ], "data": [ "JWST", "MUSE" ], "availability": "unknown" }, { "title": "Rodney et al. (2021)", "refs": [ "2021NatAs...5.1118R" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Mass-model components (Nature article, Source Data)", "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-021-01450-9#Sec14" } ], "note": "Made for the analysis of the multiply imaged supernova\n[SN Requiem](transient:sn-requiem)." }, { "title": "Newman et al. (2018)", "refs": [ "2018ApJ...862..126N" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "multiple-models" ], "note": "A series of models made with [custom code](ref:2015ApJ...814...26N) and with Lenstool." } ] }, { "name": "MACS J0159.8-0849", "designations": [ "CDGS 21", "WHL J015949.3-084959", "MCXC J0159.8-0850", "PSZRX G167.59-65.58", "RXC J0159.8-0850", "ACT-CL J0159.8-0849", "PSZ1 G167.63-65.57", "PSZ2 G167.66-65.59" ], "ra": "01:59:49.33", "dec": "-08:49:58.9", "z": 0.405, "programs": [ "relics", "venus", "alcs" ], "models": [ { "title": "RELICS: Cibirka et al. (2018)", "program": "relics", "refs": [ "2018ApJ...863..145C" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "tags": [ "multiple-models" ], "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsps/relics/macs0159m08/models/" } ], "note": "MAST provides models made with glafic and LTM (Zitrin)." } ] }, { "name": "MACS J0242.5-2132", "designations": [ "MCXC J0242.5-2132" ], "ra": "02:42:35.93", "dec": "-21:32:26.2", "z": 0.313, "models": [ { "title": "Allingham et al. (2024)", "refs": [ "2024MNRAS.528.1711A" ], "data": [ "HST", "MUSE" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "on-request", "tags": [ "method-test" ], "note": "Lens models re-optimised together with an analytic model of the intra-cluster medium,\ncompared with XMM-Newton and ACT data." }, { "title": "Allingham et al. (2023)", "refs": [ "2023MNRAS.522.1118A" ], "data": [ "HST", "MUSE" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "on-request", "note": "Lenstool model with six multiple-image systems with MUSE redshifts, combined with\nXMM-Newton data." } ] }, { "name": "MACS J0257.1-2325", "designations": [ "MCXC J0257.1-2326", "1RXS J025709.6-232549", "ACT-CL J0257.1-2325", "RXC J0257.1-2326", "SPT-CL J0257-2325", "PSZ2 G212.50-61.38" ], "ra": "02:57:09.15", "dec": "-23:26:05.8", "z": 0.505, "programs": [ "relics", "venus", "alcs" ], "models": [ { "title": "VENUS: Nakane et al. (2025)", "program": "venus", "refs": [ "2025arXiv251114483N" ], "data": [ "JWST" ], "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "multiple-models" ] }, { "title": "RELICS", "program": "relics", "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "tags": [ "multiple-models" ], "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsps/relics/macs0257m23/models/" } ], "note": "MAST provides models made with glafic and Lenstool." }, { "title": "Zitrin et al. (2011b)", "refs": [ "2011MNRAS.410.1939Z" ], "availability": "unknown" } ] }, { "name": "MACS J0257.6-2209", "aka": [ "Abell 402" ], "designations": [ "ACT-CL J0257.7-2209", "MCXC J0257.6-2209", "PSZ1 G210.08-60.96", "RXC J0257.6-2209", "SPT-CL J0257-2209", "PSZ2 G210.08-60.96" ], "ra": "02:57:41.33", "dec": "-22:09:14.40", "z": 0.323, "programs": [ "venus", "muse-lensing" ], "models": [ { "title": "Richard et al. (2021)", "program": "muse-lensing", "refs": [ "2021A&A...646A..83R" ], "data": [ "HST", "MUSE" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Mass model", "url": "https://cral-perso.univ-lyon1.fr/labo/perso/johan.richard/MUSE_data_release/models/MACS0257/" } ] } ] }, { "name": "MACS J0308.9+2645", "designations": [ "MCXC J0308.9+2645", "PSZ1 G157.32-26.77", "RXC J0308.9+2645", "PSZ2 G157.32-26.77" ], "ra": "03:08:55.58", "dec": "+26:45:46.0", "z": 0.356, "programs": [ "relics", "venus" ], "models": [ { "title": "RELICS: Acebron et al. (2018)", "program": "relics", "refs": [ "2018ApJ...858...42A" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "tags": [ "multiple-models" ], "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsps/relics/macs0308p26/models/" } ], "note": "MAST provides models made with glafic and LTM (Zitrin)." } ] }, { "name": "MACS J0326.8-0043", "designations": [ "MCXC J0326.8-0043" ], "ra": "03:26:49.95", "dec": "-00:43:51.7", "z": 0.447, "models": [ { "title": "Cerny et al. (2025)", "refs": [ "2025MNRAS.541.2341C" ], "data": [ "HST", "MUSE" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "on-request", "tags": [ "parametric" ], "note": "First strong-lensing model of the cluster. Strong-lensing model built around the\ncluster's radial arc(s), combined with the\nstellar velocity dispersion profile of the BCG to measure the inner slope of the\ndark-matter profile." } ], "notes": "Position and redshift from [Cerny et al. (2025)](ref:2025MNRAS.541.2341C). SIMBAD lists z\n= 0.25 for this cluster; the paper's 0.447 is used here." }, { "name": "MACS J0329.6-0211", "designations": [ "CDGS 26", "ACT-CL J0329.6-0211", "RXC J0329.6-0211", "MCXC J0329.6-0211" ], "ra": "03:29:40.8", "dec": "-02:11:54.0", "z": 0.459, "programs": [ "clash", "clash-vlt", "venus", "muse-lensing", "alcs" ], "models": [ { "title": "Richard et al. (2021)", "program": "muse-lensing", "refs": [ "2021A&A...646A..83R" ], "data": [ "HST", "MUSE" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Mass model", "url": "https://cral-perso.univ-lyon1.fr/labo/perso/johan.richard/MUSE_data_release/models/MACS0329/" } ] }, { "title": "Caminha et al. (2019)", "program": "clash-vlt", "refs": [ "2019A&A...632A..36C" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Model files (A&A data products, CDS)", "url": "https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/J/A+A/632/A36/" }, { "label": "CLASH-VLT lens-model page", "url": "http://www.fe.infn.it/astro/lensing/Caminha2019_SL_models/" } ], "note": "Part of a strong-lensing analysis of eight [CLASH](program:clash) clusters. As of July\n2025, the model download link in the paper appears defunct." }, { "title": "CLASH: Zitrin et al. (2015)", "program": "clash", "refs": [ "2015ApJ...801...44Z" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/missions/hlsp/clash/macs0329/models/" } ] } ] }, { "name": "MACS J0358.8-2955", "designations": [ "RXC J0358.8-2955" ], "ra": "03:58:54.61", "dec": "-29:55:37.3", "z": 0.425, "programs": [ "relics", "slice", "venus" ], "models": [ { "title": "SLICE: Cerny et al. (2026a)", "program": "slice", "refs": [ "2026ApJ..1001...60C" ], "data": [ "JWST" ], "availability": "upcoming", "note": "The model will be released on the\n[LAM Strong Lensing Cluster Atlas](program:lam-atlas)." }, { "title": "RELICS", "program": "relics", "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "tags": [ "multiple-models" ], "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsps/relics/abell3192/models/" } ], "note": "MAST provides models made with glafic and Lenstool." }, { "title": "Hsu et al. (2013)", "refs": [ "2013MNRAS.429..833H" ], "availability": "unknown" } ], "notes": "RELICS and VENUS list this field under the name Abell 3192.\n[Abell 3192](cluster:abell-3192) (z = 0.168), 2.5' away, is a foreground cluster\n([Hsu et al. 2013](ref:2013MNRAS.429..833H))." }, { "name": "MACS J0416.1-2403", "designations": [ "PSZ2 G221.06-44.05", "PSZ2 0993", "1RXS J041609.9-240358", "RXC J0416.1-2403", "MCXC J0416.1-2403", "ACT-CL J0416.1-2404", "SPT-CL J0416-2404" ], "ra": "04:16:08.80", "dec": "-24:04:14.0", "z": 0.4, "programs": [ "clash", "hff", "buffalo", "canucs", "venus", "muse-lensing", "alcs" ], "models": [ { "title": "Limousin et al. (2025)", "refs": [ "2025A&A...703A..10L" ], "data": [ "JWST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "LAM Strong Lensing Cluster Atlas", "url": "https://data.lam.fr/sl-cluster-atlas/search/result/model?s=111&a=2;3;1;4;5;6;7;8;9;10;11;12;13;14;15;16;17;18;19;20;21;22;23;24;25;26&c=2::eq::MACSJ0416.1-2403" } ] }, { "title": "Perera et al. (2025)", "refs": [ "2025MNRAS.536.2690P" ], "availability": "on-request" }, { "title": "CANUCS: Rihtaršič et al. (2025)", "program": "canucs", "refs": [ "2025A&A...696A..15R" ], "data": [ "JWST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "CANUCS DR1 lens models", "url": "https://www.canfar.net/storage/vault/list/canucs/CANUCS_DR1/lensing" } ] }, { "title": "Bergamini et al. (2023b)", "refs": [ "2023A&A...674A..79B" ], "data": [ "MUSE" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Model download", "url": "https://www.fe.infn.it/astro/lensing/M0416_Bergamini22/" }, { "label": "See also: Ferrara lens-model page", "url": "https://www.fe.infn.it/astro/lensing/" } ] }, { "title": "Limousin et al. (2022)", "refs": [ "2022A&A...664A..90L" ], "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "parametric", "multiple-models" ], "note": "Parametric cored and non-cored models that revise the\n[Bergamini et al. (2019)](#bergamini-et-al-2019) and\n[Bergamini et al. (2021)](#bergamini-et-al-2021) models." }, { "title": "Bergamini et al. (2021)", "refs": [ "2021A&A...645A.140B" ], "availability": "public", "status": "superseded", "superseded_by": "2023A&A...674A..79B", "links": [ { "label": "Model download", "url": "https://www.fe.infn.it/astro/lensing/M0416_Bergamini20/" }, { "label": "See also: Ferrara lens-model page", "url": "https://www.fe.infn.it/astro/lensing/" } ], "note": "Superseded by [Bergamini et al. (2023b)](#bergamini-et-al-2023b)." }, { "title": "Richard et al. (2021)", "program": "muse-lensing", "refs": [ "2021A&A...646A..83R" ], "data": [ "HST", "MUSE" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Mass model", "url": "https://cral-perso.univ-lyon1.fr/labo/perso/johan.richard/MUSE_data_release/models/MACS0416/" } ], "note": "Pre-_JWST_ model." }, { "title": "Bergamini et al. (2019)", "refs": [ "2019A&A...631A.130B" ], "availability": "public", "status": "superseded", "links": [ { "label": "Model download", "url": "https://www.fe.infn.it/astro/lensing/M0416_Bergamini19/" }, { "label": "See also: Ferrara lens-model page", "url": "https://www.fe.infn.it/astro/lensing/" } ], "note": "Superseded by [Bergamini et al. (2021)](#bergamini-et-al-2021) and\n[Bergamini et al. (2023b)](#bergamini-et-al-2023b)." }, { "title": "Bonamigo et al. (2018)", "refs": [ "2018ApJ...864...98B" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Model download", "url": "https://www.fe.infn.it/astro/lensing/M0416_Bonamigo18/" }, { "label": "See also: Ferrara lens-model page", "url": "https://www.fe.infn.it/astro/lensing/" } ] }, { "title": "Caminha et al. (2017a)", "refs": [ "2017A&A...600A..90C" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Model download", "url": "https://www.fe.infn.it/astro/lensing/M0416_Caminha16/" }, { "label": "See also: Ferrara lens-model page", "url": "https://www.fe.infn.it/astro/lensing/" } ] }, { "title": "Hubble Frontier Fields", "program": "hff", "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models from all HFF teams (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/pub/hlsp/frontier/macs0416/models/" } ], "note": "Models from several independent teams; see the [HFF program page](program:hff) for\ncredits and acknowledgement requirements." }, { "title": "CLASH: Zitrin et al. (2015)", "program": "clash", "refs": [ "2015ApJ...801...44Z" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/missions/hlsp/clash/macs0416/models/" } ] } ] }, { "name": "MACS J0417.5-1154", "designations": [ "ACT-CL J0417.5-1154", "MCXC J0417.5-1154", "RBS 0531", "PSZ1 G205.94-39.46", "RXC J0417.5-1154", "PLCKESZ G205.96-39.48", "PSZ2 G205.93-39.46" ], "ra": "04:17:34.80", "dec": "-11:54:35.0", "z": 0.443, "programs": [ "relics", "canucs", "venus", "alcs" ], "models": [ { "title": "CANUCS", "program": "canucs", "data": [ "JWST" ], "availability": "public", "tags": [ "preliminary" ], "links": [ { "label": "CANUCS DR1 lens models", "url": "https://www.canfar.net/storage/vault/list/canucs/CANUCS_DR1/lensing" } ], "note": "The DR1 model is preliminary." }, { "title": "Cerny et al. (2025)", "refs": [ "2025MNRAS.541.2341C" ], "data": [ "HST", "MUSE" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "on-request", "tags": [ "parametric" ], "note": "Strong-lensing model built around the cluster's radial arc(s), combined with the\nstellar velocity dispersion profile of the BCG to measure the inner slope of the\ndark-matter profile." }, { "title": "RELICS: Mahler et al. (2019)", "program": "relics", "refs": [ "2019ApJ...873...96M" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "tags": [ "multiple-models" ], "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsps/relics/macs0417m11/models/" } ], "note": "MAST provides models made with glafic and Lenstool." }, { "title": "Jauzac et al. (2019)", "refs": [ "2019MNRAS.483.3082J" ], "data": [ "HST", "MUSE" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "unknown", "note": "Lenstool model of the merging core with three MUSE-confirmed systems, including the\nradial image of the \"Doughnut\" ring galaxy at z = 0.8718, compared with Chandra data." } ] }, { "name": "MACS J0429.6-0253", "designations": [ "ACT-CL J0429.6-0253", "MCXC J0429.5-0253" ], "ra": "04:29:35.95", "dec": "-02:53:06.2", "z": 0.399, "programs": [ "clash", "clash-vlt", "venus", "alcs" ], "models": [ { "title": "Caminha et al. (2019)", "program": "clash-vlt", "refs": [ "2019A&A...632A..36C" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Model files (A&A data products, CDS)", "url": "https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/J/A+A/632/A36/" }, { "label": "CLASH-VLT lens-model page", "url": "http://www.fe.infn.it/astro/lensing/Caminha2019_SL_models/" } ], "note": "Part of a strong-lensing analysis of eight [CLASH](program:clash) clusters. As of July\n2025, the model download link in the paper appears defunct." }, { "title": "CLASH: Zitrin et al. (2015)", "program": "clash", "refs": [ "2015ApJ...801...44Z" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/missions/hlsp/clash/macs0429/models/" } ] } ] }, { "name": "MACS J0451.9+0006", "designations": [ "WHL J045154.0+000618", "ACT-CL J0451.9+0006", "RX J0451.9+0006", "MCXC J0451.9+0006" ], "ra": "04:51:54.03", "dec": "+00:06:18.1", "z": 0.43, "programs": [ "venus", "muse-lensing" ], "models": [ { "title": "Thai et al. (2023)", "program": "muse-lensing", "refs": [ "2023A&A...678A.139T" ], "data": [ "HST", "MUSE" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Mass model", "url": "https://cral-perso.univ-lyon1.fr/labo/perso/johan.richard/MUSE_data_release/models/MACS0451/" } ], "software": "Lenstool", "note": "One of the five models added to the MUSE release by Thai et al. (2023), who credit it\nto Basto et al. (in preparation)." } ] }, { "name": "MACS J0454.1-0300", "aka": [ "MS 0451.6-0305" ], "designations": [ "ACT-CL J0454.2-0300", "MCXC J0454.1-0300", "PSZ2 G201.50-27.31", "PSZ2 0913", "RXC J0454.1-0300", "PSZ1 G201.50-27.34" ], "ra": "04:54:11.13", "dec": "-03:00:53.77", "z": 0.539, "programs": [ "venus" ], "models": [ { "title": "Jauzac et al. (2021)", "refs": [ "2021MNRAS.508.1206J" ], "data": [ "HST", "MUSE" ], "availability": "on-request" }, { "title": "MacKenzie et al. (2014)", "refs": [ "doi:10.1093/mnras/stu1623" ], "availability": "unknown" }, { "title": "Zitrin et al. (2011b)", "refs": [ "2011MNRAS.410.1939Z" ], "availability": "unknown" }, { "title": "Borys et al. (2004)", "refs": [ "2004MNRAS.352..759B" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Model download (Lenstool wiki)", "url": "https://projets.lam.fr/projects/lenstool/wiki" } ] } ] }, { "name": "MACS J0520.7-1328", "designations": [ "ACT-CL J0520.7-1328", "PSZ2 G215.24-26.10", "RXC J0520.7-1328", "MCXC J0520.7-1328", "PSZ1 G215.29-26.09" ], "ra": "05:20:42.00", "dec": "-13:28:50.0", "z": 0.336, "programs": [ "muse-lensing" ], "models": [ { "title": "Thai et al. (2023)", "program": "muse-lensing", "refs": [ "2023A&A...678A.139T" ], "data": [ "HST", "MUSE" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Mass model", "url": "https://cral-perso.univ-lyon1.fr/labo/perso/johan.richard/MUSE_data_release/models/MACS0520/" } ], "software": "Lenstool", "note": "One of the five models added to the MUSE release by Thai et al. (2023), who credit it\nto Basto et al. (in preparation)." } ] }, { "name": "MACS J0553.4-3342", "designations": [ "PSZ1 G239.30-26.01", "RXC J0553.4-3342", "MCXC J0553.4-3342", "ACT-CL J0553.4-3342", "SPT-CL J0553-3342", "PLCKESZ G239.28-25.99", "PSZ2 G239.27-26.01" ], "ra": "05:53:26.70", "dec": "-33:42:37.0", "z": 0.427, "programs": [ "relics", "slice", "venus", "alcs" ], "models": [ { "title": "SLICE: Cerny et al. (2026a)", "program": "slice", "refs": [ "2026ApJ..1001...60C" ], "data": [ "JWST" ], "availability": "upcoming", "note": "The model will be released on the\n[LAM Strong Lensing Cluster Atlas](program:lam-atlas)." }, { "title": "RELICS", "program": "relics", "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "tags": [ "multiple-models" ], "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsps/relics/macs0553m33/models/" } ], "note": "MAST provides models made with glafic and Lenstool." }, { "title": "Ebeling, Qi & Richard (2017)", "refs": [ "2017MNRAS.471.3305E" ], "availability": "unknown" } ] }, { "name": "MACS J0647.7+7015", "designations": [ "MACS J0647.8+7015", "MCXC J0647.8+7014", "PSZ2 G144.83+25.11", "RXC J0647.8+7014", "PSZ1 G144.86+25.09" ], "ra": "06:47:50.47", "dec": "+70:14:54.95", "z": 0.591, "programs": [ "clash" ], "models": [ { "title": "Nishida et al. (2025)", "refs": [ "2025OJAp....8E.123N" ], "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "method-test" ], "note": "Test case for a proposed method of validating cluster lens models." }, { "title": "CLASH: Zitrin et al. (2015)", "program": "clash", "refs": [ "2013ApJ...762...32C", "2015ApJ...801...44Z" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/missions/hlsp/clash/macs0647/models/" } ] }, { "title": "Zitrin et al. (2011b)", "refs": [ "2011MNRAS.410.1939Z" ], "availability": "unknown" } ] }, { "name": "MACS J0717.5+3745", "designations": [ "CDGS 34", "MCXC J0717.5+3745", "RXC J0717.5+3745", "PLCKESZ G180.24+21.04", "PSZ1 G180.25+21.03", "PSZ2 G180.25+21.03" ], "ra": "07:17:30.93", "dec": "+37:45:29.7", "z": 0.545, "programs": [ "clash", "hff", "buffalo", "venus" ], "models": [ { "title": "Williams, Sebesta & Liesenborgs (2018)", "refs": [ "2018MNRAS.480.3140W" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "unknown", "note": "Compared with the [Kawamata et al. (2016)](ref:2016ApJ...819..114K) model from the\n[Hubble Frontier Fields](#hubble-frontier-fields)." }, { "title": "Hubble Frontier Fields", "program": "hff", "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models from all HFF teams (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/pub/hlsp/frontier/macs0717/models/" } ], "note": "Models from several independent teams; see the [HFF program page](program:hff) for\ncredits and acknowledgement requirements." }, { "title": "CLASH: Zitrin et al. (2015)", "program": "clash", "refs": [ "2015ApJ...801...44Z" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/missions/hlsp/clash/macs0717/models/" } ] }, { "title": "Zitrin et al. (2011b)", "refs": [ "2011MNRAS.410.1939Z" ], "availability": "unknown" } ] }, { "name": "MACS J0744.8+3927", "designations": [ "MCXC J0744.8+3927", "PSZRX G180.12+26.65", "MACS J0744.9+3927", "RXC J0744.8+3927" ], "ra": "07:44:52.47", "dec": "+39:27:27.3", "z": 0.698, "programs": [ "clash" ], "models": [ { "title": "CLASH: Zitrin et al. (2015)", "program": "clash", "refs": [ "2015ApJ...801...44Z" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/missions/hlsp/clash/macs0744/models/" } ] }, { "title": "Zitrin et al. (2011b)", "refs": [ "2011MNRAS.410.1939Z" ], "availability": "unknown" } ] }, { "name": "MACS J0911+1746", "aka": [ "RXC J0911.1+1746" ], "designations": [ "ACT-CL J0911.1+1746", "PSZ1 G211.23+38.63", "MCXC J0911.1+1746", "PSZ2 G211.21+38.66" ], "ra": "09:11:11.28", "dec": "+17:46:31.9", "z": 0.506, "programs": [ "relics", "venus" ], "models": [ { "title": "RELICS", "program": "relics", "data": [ "HST" ], "software": "glafic", "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsps/relics/rxc0911p17/models/" } ], "note": "MAST provides models made with glafic." }, { "title": "Zitrin et al. (2011b)", "refs": [ "2011MNRAS.410.1939Z" ], "availability": "unknown" } ] }, { "name": "MACS J0940.9+0744", "designations": [ "WHL J094053.7+074425", "GMBCG J145.22376+07.74037", "ACT-CL J0940.8+0744", "ACT-CL J0940.8+0743", "RM J094053.7+074425.4" ], "ra": "09:40:53.70", "dec": "+07:44:25.4", "z": 0.335, "programs": [ "venus", "muse-lensing" ], "models": [ { "title": "Richard et al. (2021)", "program": "muse-lensing", "refs": [ "2021A&A...646A..83R" ], "data": [ "HST", "MUSE" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Mass model", "url": "https://cral-perso.univ-lyon1.fr/labo/perso/johan.richard/MUSE_data_release/models/MACS0940/" } ] } ] }, { "name": "MACS J0949.8+1708", "aka": [ "RXC J0949.8+1707" ], "designations": [ "WHL J094951.8+170711", "ACT-CL J0949.8+1707", "ZwCl 0947.2+1723", "MCXC J0949.8+1707", "PLCKESZ G216.62+47.02", "PSZ1 G216.60+47.00", "PSZ2 G216.62+47.00" ], "ra": "09:49:51.80", "dec": "+17:07:10.6", "z": 0.385, "programs": [ "relics", "venus", "alcs" ], "models": [ { "title": "RELICS", "program": "relics", "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "tags": [ "multiple-models" ], "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsps/relics/rxc0949p17/models/" } ], "note": "MAST provides models made with glafic and Lenstool." }, { "title": "Cerny et al. (2025)", "refs": [ "2025MNRAS.541.2341C" ], "data": [ "HST", "MUSE" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "on-request", "tags": [ "parametric" ], "note": "Strong-lensing model built around the cluster's radial arc(s), combined with the\nstellar velocity dispersion profile of the BCG to measure the inner slope of the\ndark-matter profile." }, { "title": "Allingham et al. (2024)", "refs": [ "2024MNRAS.528.1711A" ], "data": [ "HST", "MUSE" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "on-request", "tags": [ "method-test" ], "note": "Lens models re-optimised together with an analytic model of the intra-cluster medium,\ncompared with XMM-Newton and ACT data." }, { "title": "Allingham et al. (2023)", "refs": [ "2023MNRAS.522.1118A" ], "data": [ "HST", "MUSE" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "on-request", "note": "Lenstool model with two MUSE-confirmed and four HST-only multiple-image systems,\ncombined with XMM-Newton data; it shows a relaxing post-merger cluster." } ] }, { "name": "MACS J1115.9+0129", "designations": [ "RX J1115.8+0129", "RXC J1115.8+0129", "MCXC J1115.8+0129", "ACT-CL J1115.8+0129", "PSZ1 G257.13+55.63", "PSZ2 G257.09+55.61" ], "ra": "11:15:51.90", "dec": "+01:29:55.07", "z": 0.352, "programs": [ "clash", "clash-vlt", "venus", "alcs" ], "models": [ { "title": "Caminha et al. (2019)", "program": "clash-vlt", "refs": [ "2019A&A...632A..36C" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Model files (A&A data products, CDS)", "url": "https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/J/A+A/632/A36/" }, { "label": "CLASH-VLT lens-model page", "url": "http://www.fe.infn.it/astro/lensing/Caminha2019_SL_models/" } ], "note": "Part of a strong-lensing analysis of eight [CLASH](program:clash) clusters. As of July\n2025, the model download link in the paper appears defunct." }, { "title": "CLASH: Zitrin et al. (2015)", "program": "clash", "refs": [ "2015ApJ...801...44Z" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/missions/hlsp/clash/macs1115/models/" } ] } ] }, { "name": "MACS J1149.5+2223", "designations": [ "WHL J114936.9+222347", "MCXC J1149.5+2224", "RM J114935.7+222354.6", "RXC J1149.5+2224", "RXC J1149.5+2223", "PLCKESZ G228.15+75.19", "PSZ1 G228.21+75.20", "PSZ2 G228.16+75.20" ], "ra": "11:49:35.09", "dec": "+22:24:10.9", "z": 0.536, "programs": [ "clash", "hff", "buffalo", "canucs", "venus", "alcs" ], "models": [ { "title": "CANUCS", "program": "canucs", "data": [ "JWST" ], "availability": "public", "tags": [ "preliminary" ], "links": [ { "label": "CANUCS DR1 lens models", "url": "https://www.canfar.net/storage/vault/list/canucs/CANUCS_DR1/lensing" } ], "note": "The DR1 model is preliminary." }, { "title": "Schuldt et al. (2026)", "refs": [ "2026A&A...707A.370S" ], "data": [ "HST", "MUSE" ], "software": "GLEE", "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "multiple-models" ], "note": "Fits about 77,000 HST pixels of the extended image of the\n[SN Refsdal](transient:sn-refsdal) host galaxy together with 106 point-like multiple\nimages. Four models weight the two kinds of constraint differently." }, { "title": "Schuldt et al. (2024)", "refs": [ "2024A&A...689A..42S" ], "data": [ "MUSE" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Model download", "url": "https://www.fe.infn.it/astro/lensing/M1149_Schuldt2024/" }, { "label": "See also: Ferrara lens-model page", "url": "https://www.fe.infn.it/astro/lensing/" } ] }, { "title": "Zitrin (2021)", "refs": [ "2021ApJ...919...54Z" ], "availability": "public", "tags": [ "multiple-models" ], "links": [ { "label": "dPIEeNFW model download (Dropbox)", "url": "https://www.dropbox.com/sh/xkzysm4nhyq28e3/AABJVCWVzbkGdnvyD67CODyha?dl=0" } ], "note": "Two grid-based models; only the dPIEeNFW model is available." }, { "title": "Grillo et al. (2016)", "refs": [ "2016ApJ...822...78G" ], "data": [ "MUSE" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Model download", "url": "https://www.fe.infn.it/astro/lensing/M1149_Grillo2016/" }, { "label": "See also: Ferrara lens-model page", "url": "https://www.fe.infn.it/astro/lensing/" } ] }, { "title": "Hubble Frontier Fields", "program": "hff", "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models from all HFF teams (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/pub/hlsp/frontier/macs1149/models/" } ], "note": "Models from several independent teams; see the [HFF program page](program:hff) for\ncredits and acknowledgement requirements." }, { "title": "CLASH: Zitrin et al. (2015)", "program": "clash", "refs": [ "2015ApJ...801...44Z" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/missions/hlsp/clash/macs1149/models/" } ] }, { "title": "Zitrin et al. (2011b)", "refs": [ "2011MNRAS.410.1939Z" ], "availability": "unknown" } ] }, { "name": "MACS J1206.2-0847", "designations": [ "MCXC J1206.2-0848", "PSZ2 G284.41+52.45", "PLCKESZ G284.46+52.43", "PSZ1 0984", "PSZ1 G284.43+52.44", "RXC J1206.2-0848" ], "ra": "12:06:11.97", "dec": "-08:48:00.0", "z": 0.44, "programs": [ "clash", "venus", "muse-lensing", "alcs" ], "models": [ { "title": "Limousin et al. (2022)", "refs": [ "2022A&A...664A..90L" ], "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "parametric", "multiple-models" ], "note": "Two-, three- and four-clump parametric models that revisit the\n[Bergamini et al. (2019)](#bergamini-et-al-2019) model." }, { "title": "Chen et al. (2021)", "refs": [ "2021MNRAS.504.2629C" ], "availability": "unknown", "note": "Fine-tuned to reproduce the features of two lensed galaxies." }, { "title": "Richard et al. (2021)", "program": "muse-lensing", "refs": [ "2021A&A...646A..83R" ], "data": [ "HST", "MUSE" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Mass model", "url": "https://cral-perso.univ-lyon1.fr/labo/perso/johan.richard/MUSE_data_release/models/MACS1206/" } ] }, { "title": "Bergamini et al. (2019)", "refs": [ "2019A&A...631A.130B" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Model download", "url": "https://www.fe.infn.it/astro/lensing/M1206_Bergamini19/" }, { "label": "See also: Ferrara lens-model page", "url": "https://www.fe.infn.it/astro/lensing/" } ] }, { "title": "Bonamigo et al. (2018)", "refs": [ "2018ApJ...864...98B" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Model download", "url": "https://www.fe.infn.it/astro/lensing/M1206_Bonamigo18/" }, { "label": "See also: Ferrara lens-model page", "url": "https://www.fe.infn.it/astro/lensing/" } ] }, { "title": "Caminha et al. (2017b)", "refs": [ "2017A&A...607A..93C" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Model download", "url": "https://www.fe.infn.it/astro/lensing/M1206_Caminha17/" }, { "label": "See also: Ferrara lens-model page", "url": "https://www.fe.infn.it/astro/lensing/" } ] }, { "title": "CLASH", "program": "clash", "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/missions/hlsp/clash/macs1206/models/" } ], "note": "These models are relatively old (2014-2015)." } ] }, { "name": "MACS J1311.0-0311", "designations": [ "CDGS 31", "WHL J131101.8-031040", "ACT-CL J1311.0-0310", "MCXC J1311.0-0310" ], "ra": "13:11:01.80", "dec": "-03:10:39.8", "z": 0.494, "programs": [ "clash", "clash-vlt", "venus", "alcs" ], "models": [ { "title": "Caminha et al. (2019)", "program": "clash-vlt", "refs": [ "2019A&A...632A..36C" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Model files (A&A data products, CDS)", "url": "https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/J/A+A/632/A36/" }, { "label": "CLASH-VLT lens-model page", "url": "http://www.fe.infn.it/astro/lensing/Caminha2019_SL_models/" } ], "note": "Part of a strong-lensing analysis of eight [CLASH](program:clash) clusters. As of July\n2025, the model download link in the paper appears defunct." }, { "title": "CLASH: Zitrin et al. (2015)", "program": "clash", "refs": [ "2015ApJ...801...44Z" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/missions/hlsp/clash/macs1311/models/" } ] } ] }, { "name": "MACS J1322.8+3138", "designations": [ "SPIDERS 1_08583", "GHO 1320+3155", "RXC J1322.8+3138", "MCXC J1322.8+3138", "PSZ1 G068.32+81.81", "PSZ2 G068.36+81.81" ], "ra": "13:22:48.77", "dec": "+31:39:17.8", "z": 0.308, "models": [ { "title": "Oguri et al. (2012)", "refs": [ "2012MNRAS.420.3213O" ], "availability": "unknown" } ] }, { "name": "MACS J1347.5-1144", "aka": [ "RX J1347.5-1145" ], "designations": [ "LCDCS 0829", "RBS 1316", "PSZ1 G324.05+48.79", "RXC J1347.5-1145", "RXC J1347.5-1144", "MCXC J1347.5-1144", "PSZ2 G324.04+48.79" ], "ra": "13:47:30.59", "dec": "-11:45:10.1", "z": 0.45, "programs": [ "clash", "clash-vlt", "venus", "muse-lensing", "alcs" ], "models": [ { "title": "Richard et al. (2021)", "program": "muse-lensing", "refs": [ "2021A&A...646A..83R" ], "data": [ "HST", "MUSE" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Mass model", "url": "https://cral-perso.univ-lyon1.fr/labo/perso/johan.richard/MUSE_data_release/models/RXJ1347/" } ] }, { "title": "Caminha et al. (2019)", "program": "clash-vlt", "refs": [ "2019A&A...632A..36C" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Model files (A&A data products, CDS)", "url": "https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/J/A+A/632/A36/" }, { "label": "CLASH-VLT lens-model page", "url": "http://www.fe.infn.it/astro/lensing/Caminha2019_SL_models/" } ], "note": "Part of a strong-lensing analysis of eight [CLASH](program:clash) clusters. As of July\n2025, the model download link in the paper appears defunct." }, { "title": "CLASH: Zitrin et al. (2015)", "program": "clash", "refs": [ "2015ApJ...801...44Z" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/missions/hlsp/clash/rxj1347/models/" } ] } ] }, { "name": "MACS J1354.6+7715", "aka": [ "PSZ2 G118.46+39.32" ], "designations": [ "PSZ1 G118.46+39.31", "PLCKESZ G118.40+39.30", "PLCKESZ G118.44+39.33", "RXC J1354.6+7715", "MCXC J1354.6+7715" ], "ra": "13:54:37.80", "dec": "+77:15:34.60", "z": 0.397, "models": [ { "title": "Smith et al. (2025b)", "refs": [ "2025RNAAS...9..300S" ], "availability": "unknown", "note": "First strong-lensing model of the cluster." } ] }, { "name": "MACS J1359.8+6231", "aka": [ "CL 1358+62" ], "designations": [ "MS 1358.4+6245", "Cl 1358.4+6245", "RXC J1359.8+6231", "MCXC J1359.8+6231", "PSZ1 G109.99+52.87", "PSZ2 G109.97+52.84" ], "ra": "13:59:50.92", "dec": "+62:30:49.8", "z": 0.328, "models": [ { "title": "Zitrin et al. (2011c)", "refs": [ "2011MNRAS.413.1753Z" ], "availability": "unknown" }, { "title": "Franx et al. (1997)", "refs": [ "1997ApJ...486L..75F" ], "availability": "unknown" } ] }, { "name": "MACS J1423.8+2404", "designations": [ "WHL J142347.9+240442", "GMBCG J215.94948+24.07846", "MCXC J1423.7+2404" ], "ra": "14:23:47.66", "dec": "+24:04:40.1", "z": 0.545, "programs": [ "clash", "canucs", "venus", "alcs" ], "models": [ { "title": "CANUCS", "program": "canucs", "data": [ "JWST" ], "availability": "public", "tags": [ "preliminary" ], "links": [ { "label": "CANUCS DR1 lens models", "url": "https://www.canfar.net/storage/vault/list/canucs/CANUCS_DR1/lensing" } ], "note": "The DR1 model is preliminary." }, { "title": "CLASH: Zitrin et al. (2015)", "program": "clash", "refs": [ "2015ApJ...801...44Z" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/missions/hlsp/clash/macs1423/models/" } ] }, { "title": "Limousin et al. (2010)", "refs": [ "2010MNRAS.405..777L" ], "availability": "unknown" }, { "title": "Zitrin et al. (2011b)", "refs": [ "2011MNRAS.410.1939Z" ], "availability": "unknown" } ] }, { "name": "MACS J1427.6-2521", "designations": [ "RXC J1427.6-2521", "MCXC J1427.6-2521" ], "ra": "14:27:39.47", "dec": "-25:21:02.2", "z": 0.318, "models": [ { "title": "Cerny et al. (2025)", "refs": [ "2025MNRAS.541.2341C" ], "data": [ "HST", "MUSE" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "on-request", "tags": [ "parametric" ], "note": "First strong-lensing model of the cluster. Strong-lensing model built around the\ncluster's radial arc(s), combined with the\nstellar velocity dispersion profile of the BCG to measure the inner slope of the\ndark-matter profile." } ], "notes": "Position and redshift from [Cerny et al. (2025)](ref:2025MNRAS.541.2341C)." }, { "name": "MACS J1532.8+3021", "aka": [ "RX J1532.9+3021" ], "designations": [ "MCXC J1532.9+3021", "CXOGSG J153253.8+302057", "RXC J1532.9+3021" ], "ra": "15:32:53.80", "dec": "+30:20:57.0", "z": 0.362, "programs": [ "clash", "venus" ], "models": [ { "title": "CLASH: Zitrin et al. (2015)", "program": "clash", "refs": [ "2015ApJ...801...44Z" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/missions/hlsp/clash/rxj1532/models/" } ] } ] }, { "name": "MACS J1621.4+3810", "designations": [ "SPIDERS 1_07104", "CDGS 29", "WHL J162124.7+381008", "RXC J1621.4+3810", "MCXC J1621.4+3810" ], "ra": "16:21:24.7", "dec": "+38:10:09.5", "z": 0.463, "programs": [ "slice" ], "models": [ { "title": "SLICE: Cerny et al. (2026a)", "program": "slice", "refs": [ "2026ApJ..1001...60C" ], "data": [ "JWST" ], "availability": "upcoming", "note": "The model will be released on the\n[LAM Strong Lensing Cluster Atlas](program:lam-atlas)." } ] }, { "name": "MACS J1720.2+3536", "designations": [ "WHL J172016.8+353626", "MCXC J1720.2+3536", "PSZ2 G059.47+33.06", "RXC J1720.2+3536", "PSZ1 G059.51+33.06" ], "ra": "17:20:16.77", "dec": "+35:36:26.50", "z": 0.39, "programs": [ "clash" ], "models": [ { "title": "CLASH: Zitrin et al. (2015)", "program": "clash", "refs": [ "2015ApJ...801...44Z" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/missions/hlsp/clash/macs1720/models/" } ] } ] }, { "name": "MACS J1931.8-2635", "designations": [ "CDGS 17", "ACT-CL J1931.8-2634", "MCXC J1931.8-2634", "RXC J1931.8-2634", "PSZ1 G012.58-20.07", "PSZ2 G012.59-20.10" ], "ra": "19:31:49.66", "dec": "-26:34:34.0", "z": 0.352, "programs": [ "clash", "clash-vlt", "venus", "alcs" ], "models": [ { "title": "VENUS: Allingham et al. (2026)", "program": "venus", "refs": [ "2026ApJ..1005..215A" ], "data": [ "JWST" ], "availability": "public", "tags": [ "parametric" ], "links": [ { "label": "Model download (Zenodo)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18646525" } ], "note": "Parametric model accompanying the discovery of the lensed supernova\n[SN Eos](transient:sn-eos) at z = 5.13\n([Coulter et al. 2026](ref:2026arXiv260104156C))." }, { "title": "Caminha et al. (2019)", "program": "clash-vlt", "refs": [ "2019A&A...632A..36C" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Model files (A&A data products, CDS)", "url": "https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/J/A+A/632/A36/" }, { "label": "CLASH-VLT lens-model page", "url": "http://www.fe.infn.it/astro/lensing/Caminha2019_SL_models/" } ], "note": "Part of a strong-lensing analysis of eight [CLASH](program:clash) clusters. As of July\n2025, the model download link in the paper appears defunct." }, { "title": "CLASH: Zitrin et al. (2015)", "program": "clash", "refs": [ "2015ApJ...801...44Z" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/missions/hlsp/clash/macs1931/models/" } ] } ] }, { "name": "MACS J2129.4-0741", "designations": [ "WHL J212926.1-074128", "ACT-CL J2129.4-0741", "MCXC J2129.4-0741", "RM J212925.2-074130.3", "RXC J2129.4-0741", "PSZ2 G045.32-38.46" ], "ra": "21:29:26.21", "dec": "-07:41:26.22", "z": 0.589, "programs": [ "clash", "clash-vlt", "slice", "venus", "alcs" ], "models": [ { "title": "SLICE: Cerny et al. (2026a)", "program": "slice", "refs": [ "2026ApJ..1001...60C" ], "data": [ "JWST" ], "availability": "upcoming", "note": "The model will be released on the\n[LAM Strong Lensing Cluster Atlas](program:lam-atlas)." }, { "title": "Jauzac et al. (2021)", "refs": [ "2021MNRAS.508.1206J" ], "data": [ "HST", "MUSE" ], "availability": "on-request" }, { "title": "Caminha et al. (2019)", "program": "clash-vlt", "refs": [ "2019A&A...632A..36C" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Model files (A&A data products, CDS)", "url": "https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/J/A+A/632/A36/" }, { "label": "CLASH-VLT lens-model page", "url": "http://www.fe.infn.it/astro/lensing/Caminha2019_SL_models/" } ], "note": "Part of a strong-lensing analysis of eight [CLASH](program:clash) clusters. As of July\n2025, the model download link in the paper appears defunct." }, { "title": "CLASH: Zitrin et al. (2015)", "program": "clash", "refs": [ "2015ApJ...801...44Z" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/missions/hlsp/clash/macs2129/models/" } ] }, { "title": "Zitrin et al. (2011b)", "refs": [ "2011MNRAS.410.1939Z" ], "availability": "unknown" } ] }, { "name": "MACS J2135.2-0102", "designations": [ "PLCKESZ G053.44-36.26", "PLCK G053.4-36.3", "RXC J2135.2-0102", "MCXC J2135.2-0102", "ACT-CL J2135.1-0102", "ACT-CL J2135.1-0103", "PSZ1 G053.42-36.25", "PSZ2 G053.44-36.25" ], "ra": "21:35:12.2", "dec": "-01:02:55.8", "z": 0.33, "models": [ { "title": "Zitrin & Broadhurst (2016)", "refs": [ "2016ApJ...833...25Z" ], "software": "LTM", "availability": "defunct", "note": "As of March 2025, the [FTP download](ftp://wise-ftp.tau.ac.il/pub/adiz/MACS2135/) link\nappears defunct." } ] }, { "name": "MACS J2140.2-2339", "aka": [ "MS 2137-2353", "MS 2137.3-2353" ], "designations": [ "ACT-CL J2140.2-2339", "MCXC J2140.2-2339", "RXC J2140.2-2339" ], "ra": "21:40:15.10", "dec": "-23:39:40.00", "z": 0.313, "programs": [ "clash", "venus" ], "models": [ { "title": "Cerny et al. (2025)", "refs": [ "2025MNRAS.541.2341C" ], "data": [ "HST", "MUSE" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "on-request", "tags": [ "parametric" ], "note": "Strong-lensing model built around the cluster's radial arc(s), combined with the\nstellar velocity dispersion profile of the BCG to measure the inner slope of the\ndark-matter profile." }, { "title": "CLASH: Zitrin et al. (2015)", "program": "clash", "refs": [ "2015ApJ...801...44Z" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/missions/hlsp/clash/ms2137/models/" } ] } ] }, { "name": "MACS J2211.7-0349", "aka": [ "RXC J2211.7-0350" ], "designations": [ "ACT-CL J2211.7-0349", "PSZ2 G057.25-45.34", "PLCKESZ G057.26-45.35", "MCXC J2211.7-0349", "PSZ1 G057.28-45.37" ], "ra": "22:11:45.90", "dec": "-03:49:42.0", "z": 0.397, "programs": [ "relics", "slice", "venus", "alcs" ], "models": [ { "title": "SLICE: Cerny et al. (2026a)", "program": "slice", "refs": [ "2026ApJ..1001...60C" ], "data": [ "JWST" ], "availability": "upcoming", "note": "The model will be released on the\n[LAM Strong Lensing Cluster Atlas](program:lam-atlas)." }, { "title": "RELICS: Cerny et al. (2018)", "program": "relics", "refs": [ "2018ApJ...859..159C" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "tags": [ "multiple-models" ], "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsps/relics/rxc2211m03/models/" } ], "note": "MAST provides models made with glafic and Lenstool." } ] }, { "name": "MACS J2214.9-1359", "designations": [ "ACT-CL J2214.9-1359", "MCXC J2214.9-1400", "CXOGSG J221457.5-140011", "RXC J2214.9-1400", "PSZ1 G044.77-51.30", "PSZ2 G044.77-51.30" ], "ra": "22:14:57.50", "dec": "-14:00:11.0", "z": 0.503, "programs": [ "venus", "muse-lensing" ], "models": [ { "title": "Richard et al. (2021)", "program": "muse-lensing", "refs": [ "2021A&A...646A..83R" ], "data": [ "HST", "MUSE" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Mass model", "url": "https://cral-perso.univ-lyon1.fr/labo/perso/johan.richard/MUSE_data_release/models/MACS2214/" } ] }, { "title": "Zitrin et al. (2011b)", "refs": [ "2011MNRAS.410.1939Z" ], "availability": "unknown" } ] }, { "name": "MS 1008.1-1224", "designations": [ "MCXC J1010.5-1239", "ClG 1008-12", "RXC J1010.5-1239", "PSZ2 G253.21+34.25" ], "ra": "10:10:31.76", "dec": "-12:40:05.4", "z": 0.301, "programs": [ "relics" ], "models": [ { "title": "RELICS", "program": "relics", "data": [ "HST" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsps/relics/ms1008m12/models/" } ], "note": "MAST provides models made with Lenstool." } ] }, { "name": "MS 1512.4+3647", "aka": [ "MS 1512+36" ], "designations": [ "RX J1514.3+3636", "MCXC J1514.3+3636" ], "ra": "15:14:22.47", "dec": "+36:36:20.90", "z": 0.372, "models": [ { "title": "Seitz et al. (1998)", "refs": [ "1998MNRAS.298..945S" ], "availability": "unknown" } ] }, { "name": "MS 2053.7-0449", "aka": [ "MS 2053-04" ], "designations": [ "MCXC J2056.3-0437" ], "ra": "20:56:21.4", "dec": "-04:37:50", "z": 0.583, "models": [ { "title": "Verdugo et al. (2007)", "refs": [ "2007ApJ...664..702V" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "parametric" ], "note": "Bimodal parametric model constrained by a double arc, confirming that the cluster\nconsists of two gravitationally bound structures." } ], "notes": "Position: the brightest cluster galaxy (galaxy a in\n[Verdugo et al. 2007](ref:2007ApJ...664..702V))." }, { "name": "PLCK G004.5-19.5", "designations": [ "PSZRX G004.47-19.56", "PLCKESZ G004.47-19.55", "PSZ1 G004.45-19.55", "PSZ2 G004.45-19.55" ], "ra": "19:17:04.5", "dec": "-33:31:28.5", "z": 0.516, "programs": [ "relics", "venus" ], "models": [ { "title": "RELICS", "program": "relics", "data": [ "HST" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsps/relics/plckg004m19/models/" } ], "note": "MAST provides models made with Lenstool." } ] }, { "name": "PLCK G165.7+67.0", "ra": "11:27:14.50", "dec": "+42:28:25.0", "z": 0.351, "programs": [ "venus" ], "models": [ { "title": "Frye et al. (2024)", "refs": [ "2024ApJ...961..171F" ], "data": [ "JWST" ], "availability": "unknown", "note": "The paper also reports the discovery of [SN H0pe](transient:sn-h0pe)." }, { "title": "Frye et al. (2019)", "refs": [ "2019ApJ...871...51F" ], "availability": "unknown" } ] }, { "name": "PLCK G171.9-40.7", "designations": [ "RXGCC 131" ], "ra": "03:12:55.37", "dec": "+08:22:49.8", "z": 0.27, "programs": [ "relics", "venus", "alcs" ], "models": [ { "title": "RELICS: Acebron et al. (2018)", "program": "relics", "refs": [ "2018ApJ...858...42A" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "tags": [ "multiple-models" ], "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsps/relics/plckg171m40/models/" } ], "note": "MAST provides models made with glafic and LTM (Zitrin)." } ] }, { "name": "PLCK G287.0+32.9", "designations": [ "PSZ2 G286.98+32.90", "SPT-CL J1150-2805", "PLCKESZ G286.99+32.91", "PSZ1 G287.00+32.90" ], "ra": "11:50:51.02", "dec": "-28:04:09.4", "z": 0.39, "programs": [ "relics", "venus", "slice" ], "models": [ { "title": "SLICE: Betts et al. (2026)", "program": "slice", "refs": [ "arXiv:2609.31944" ], "data": [ "JWST", "HST", "MUSE" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "unknown", "note": "Lenstool model built on JWST/NIRCam imaging (GO 5594), HST and MUSE data, with 118\nspectroscopically confirmed images of 20 sources and 31 photometric images of 8 more.\nThe Einstein radius is 42.4 arcsec for a source at z = 2." }, { "title": "RELICS: Zitrin et al. (2017)", "program": "relics", "refs": [ "2017ApJ...839L..11Z" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "tags": [ "multiple-models" ], "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsps/relics/plckg287p32/models/" } ], "note": "MAST provides models made with glafic and LTM (Zitrin)." } ] }, { "name": "PSZ1 G091.82+26.11", "designations": [ "1RXS J183108.6+621414", "PSZ2 G091.83+26.11", "eMACS J1831.1+6214" ], "ra": "18:31:08.0", "dec": "+62:14:53.1", "z": 0.822, "programs": [ "slice" ], "models": [ { "title": "SLICE: Cerny et al. (2026a)", "program": "slice", "refs": [ "2026ApJ..1001...60C" ], "data": [ "JWST" ], "availability": "upcoming", "note": "The model will be released on the\n[LAM Strong Lensing Cluster Atlas](program:lam-atlas)." }, { "title": "Ebeling et al. (2025)", "refs": [ "2025MNRAS.537.2662E" ], "data": [ "HST", "Keck" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "parametric" ], "note": "Leaves out a second mass component that the lensing data do not yet constrain." } ] }, { "name": "PSZ1 G209.80+10.23", "designations": [ "PLCK G209.79+10.23", "PSZ1 0690", "PSZ2 G209.79+10.23" ], "ra": "07:22:25.80", "dec": "+07:23:44.1", "z": 0.678, "programs": [ "relics" ], "models": [ { "title": "RELICS", "program": "relics", "data": [ "HST" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsps/relics/plckg209p10/models/" } ], "note": "MAST provides models made with Lenstool." } ] }, { "name": "PSZ1 G311.65-18.48", "common_names": [ "PSZ1-G311" ], "designations": [ "PSZ1 1092" ], "ra": "15:50:13.27", "dec": "-78:12:02.052", "z": 0.443, "models": [ { "title": "Sharon et al. (2022a)", "refs": [ "2022ApJ...941..203S" ], "availability": "unknown" }, { "title": "Pignatoro et al. (2021)", "refs": [ "2021A&A...655A..81P" ], "availability": "unknown" } ], "notes": "The galaxy cluster lenses the [Sunburst Arc](https://esahubble.org/images/heic1920a/)." }, { "name": "RCS 0224-0002", "designations": [ "RCS J022434-0002.5" ], "ra": "02:24:34.22", "dec": "-00:02:31.6", "z": 0.773, "models": [ { "title": "Rzepecki et al. (2007)", "refs": [ "2007A&A...471..743R" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "parametric" ], "note": "Parametric model from HST/WFPC2 imaging, constrained by two multiple-image systems\nincluding the z = 4.87 arc." } ], "notes": "Position: the two central BCGs, as used by\n[Rzepecki et al. (2007)](ref:2007A&A...471..743R). The cluster lenses a bright galaxy at z\n= 4.88, studied with MUSE by [Smit et al. (2017)](ref:2017MNRAS.467.3306S)." }, { "name": "RX J0152.7-1357", "designations": [ "WARP J0152.7-1357", "ACT-CL J0152.7-1357", "CL J0152.7-1357", "MCXC J0152.6-1358" ], "ra": "01:52:41.00", "dec": "-13:57:45.0", "z": 0.836, "programs": [ "relics", "slice", "venus" ], "models": [ { "title": "SLICE: Cerny et al. (2026a)", "program": "slice", "refs": [ "2026ApJ..1001...60C" ], "data": [ "JWST" ], "availability": "upcoming", "note": "The model will be released on the\n[LAM Strong Lensing Cluster Atlas](program:lam-atlas)." }, { "title": "RELICS: Acebron et al. (2019)", "program": "relics", "refs": [ "2019ApJ...874..132A" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "tags": [ "multiple-models" ], "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsps/relics/cl0152m13/models/" } ], "note": "MAST provides models made with glafic, Lenstool and LTM (Zitrin)." } ] }, { "name": "RX J0437.1+0043", "common_names": [ "Cosmic Mantis" ], "designations": [ "RXC J0437.1+0043", "MCXC J0437.1+0043", "ACT-CL J0437.1+0043", "PSZ2 G195.39-29.08", "WHL J043709.5+004352" ], "ra": "04:37:09.52", "dec": "+00:43:52.1", "z": 0.285, "models": [ { "title": "Cerny et al. (2026b)", "refs": [ "arXiv:2609.17852" ], "data": [ "JWST", "HST", "MUSE" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "unknown", "note": "Lenstool model built on JWST/NIRCam imaging (GO 6207) together with HST and MUSE data,\nwith 275 constraints from 26 multiply-imaged sources, including three hyperbolic-umbilic\nlensing configurations. The paper gives no release statement." }, { "title": "Lagattuta et al. (2026)", "refs": [ "doi:10.1093/mnras/stag1146" ], "data": [ "HST", "MUSE" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "preliminary" ], "note": "Lenstool models that add candidate dark subhaloes near one of the hyperbolic-umbilic\nimages; the authors call the subhalo detection tentative." }, { "title": "Lagattuta et al. (2023)", "refs": [ "2023MNRAS.522.1091L" ], "data": [ "HST", "MUSE", "Keck" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "unknown", "note": "Lenstool model from HST SNAPshot imaging, MUSE and Keck/MOSFIRE spectroscopy, with\n13 multiply-imaged galaxies." } ] }, { "name": "RX J2129.7+0005", "aka": [ "RX J2129.4+0009" ], "designations": [ "WISEA J212939.97+000521.8", "WISE J212939.98+000521.9", "2MASX J21293995+0005207", "2MASS J21293997+0005213", "SDSS J212939.95+000521.1", "RXC J2129.6+0005", "MCXC J2129.6+0005", "ACT-CL J2129.6+0005", "PSZ1 G053.65-34.49", "PSZ2 G053.64-34.48" ], "ra": "21:29:39.97", "dec": "+00:05:21.83", "z": 0.234, "programs": [ "clash", "clash-vlt", "venus", "alcs" ], "models": [ { "title": "Dhanasingham et al. (2026)", "refs": [ "2026ApJ..1008..230D" ], "data": [ "JWST", "HST" ], "availability": "public", "tags": [ "multiple-models" ], "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (Zenodo)", "url": "https://zenodo.org/records/21460864" } ], "note": "Six independent models made for the lensed Type Ia supernova\n[SN 2022riv](transient:sn-2022riv): glafic, HoliGRALE, WSLAP+, Zitrin-Analytic,\nLenstool and the model of Chen et al. (2020). All six are on Zenodo (4.3 GB, CC BY 4.0)." }, { "title": "Jauzac et al. (2021)", "refs": [ "2021MNRAS.508.1206J" ], "data": [ "HST", "MUSE" ], "availability": "on-request" }, { "title": "Caminha et al. (2019)", "program": "clash-vlt", "refs": [ "2019A&A...632A..36C" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Model files (A&A data products, CDS)", "url": "https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/J/A+A/632/A36/" }, { "label": "CLASH-VLT lens-model page", "url": "http://www.fe.infn.it/astro/lensing/Caminha2019_SL_models/" } ], "note": "Part of a strong-lensing analysis of eight [CLASH](program:clash) clusters. As of July\n2025, the model download link in the paper appears defunct." }, { "title": "CLASH: Zitrin et al. (2015)", "program": "clash", "refs": [ "2015ApJ...801...44Z" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/missions/hlsp/clash/rxj2129/models/" } ] } ] }, { "name": "RXC J0018.5+1626", "aka": [ "MACS J0018.5+1626" ], "designations": [ "WHL J001833.6+162616", "ACT-CL J0018.5+1626", "MCXC J0018.5+1626", "PSZ1 G111.60-45.72", "PSZ2 G111.61-45.71" ], "ra": "00:18:33.84", "dec": "+16:26:16.6", "z": 0.547, "programs": [ "relics", "venus" ], "models": [ { "title": "RELICS", "program": "relics", "data": [ "HST" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsps/relics/rxc0018p16/models/" } ], "note": "MAST provides models made with Lenstool." }, { "title": "Zitrin et al. (2011b)", "refs": [ "2011MNRAS.410.1939Z" ], "availability": "unknown" } ] }, { "name": "RXC J0032.1+1808", "designations": [ "PSZ1 G116.48-44.47", "PSZ1 0427", "PSZ2 G116.50-44.47" ], "ra": "00:32:11.0", "dec": "+18:07:49.0", "z": 0.396, "programs": [ "relics", "venus", "alcs" ], "models": [ { "title": "RELICS: Acebron et al. (2020)", "program": "relics", "refs": [ "2020ApJ...898....6A" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "tags": [ "multiple-models" ], "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsps/relics/rxc0032p18/models/" } ], "note": "MAST provides models made with glafic, Lenstool, LTM (Zitrin) and Zitrin NFW." } ] }, { "name": "RXC J0142.9+4438", "designations": [ "PSZ1 G132.49-17.29", "CIZA J0142.9+4438", "MCXC J0142.9+4438", "PSZ2 G132.47-17.27" ], "ra": "01:42:56.74", "dec": "+44:38:36.9", "z": 0.341, "programs": [ "relics" ], "models": [ { "title": "RELICS: Cerny et al. (2018)", "program": "relics", "refs": [ "2018ApJ...859..159C" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "tags": [ "multiple-models" ], "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsps/relics/rxc0142p44/models/" } ], "note": "MAST provides models made with glafic and Lenstool." } ] }, { "name": "RXC J0232.2-4420", "designations": [ "SPT-CL J0232-4421", "ACT-CL J0232.2-4421", "MCXC J0232.2-4420", "PLCKESZ G260.03-63.44", "PSZ1 G260.00-63.45", "PSZ2 G259.98-63.43" ], "ra": "02:32:18.22", "dec": "-44:20:49.6", "z": 0.284, "programs": [ "relics", "slice", "venus" ], "models": [ { "title": "SLICE: Cerny et al. (2026a)", "program": "slice", "refs": [ "2026ApJ..1001...60C" ], "data": [ "JWST" ], "availability": "upcoming", "note": "The model will be released on the\n[LAM Strong Lensing Cluster Atlas](program:lam-atlas)." }, { "title": "RELICS", "program": "relics", "data": [ "HST" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsps/relics/rxc0232m44/models/" } ], "note": "MAST provides models made with Lenstool." } ] }, { "name": "RXC J0600.1-2007", "common_names": [ "Anglerfish Cluster" ], "aka": [ "MACS J0600.1-2008" ], "designations": [ "PSZ1 G225.91-19.98", "SPT-CL J0600-2007", "MCXC J0600.1-2007", "PLCKESZ G225.92-19.99", "PSZ2 G225.93-19.99" ], "ra": "06:00:08.17", "dec": "-20:08:08.85", "z": 0.46, "programs": [ "relics", "venus", "alcs", "muse-lensing" ], "models": [ { "title": "Furtak et al. (2024)", "refs": [ "2024MNRAS.533.2242F" ], "availability": "on-request", "note": "Based on newer data; adds a massive, bimodal strong-lensing structure next to the\ncluster." }, { "title": "ALCS: Fujimoto et al. (2021)", "program": "alcs", "refs": [ "2021ApJ...911...99F" ], "data": [ "ALMA" ], "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "multiple-models" ], "note": "Several lens models of the cluster, built as part of the ALMA Lensing Cluster Survey." }, { "title": "MUSE data release", "program": "muse-lensing", "data": [ "HST", "MUSE" ], "availability": "unknown", "links": [ { "label": "MUSE release page", "url": "https://cral-perso.univ-lyon1.fr/labo/perso/johan.richard/MUSE_data_release/" } ], "note": "The MUSE release page lists this cluster (as MACS0600) with a redshift catalogue and a\nmass-model link, but the model directory was empty in October 2026." }, { "title": "RELICS", "program": "relics", "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "tags": [ "multiple-models" ], "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsps/relics/rxc0600m20/models/" } ] } ], "notes": "The position is the core studied by RELICS and the ALMA Lensing Cluster Survey, at the\ngalaxy [Furtak et al. (2024)](ref:2024MNRAS.533.2242F) call the South BCG. Their model\nadds a second strong-lensing structure about 2.5-3' to the north-east, around the galaxies\nthey label BCG1 and BCG2 (the position used until October 2026), and they nickname the\nsystem the Anglerfish cluster.\n note: MAST provides models made with glafic and Lenstool." }, { "name": "SDSS J0004-0103", "ra": "00:04:52", "dec": "-01:03:15.80", "z": 0.514, "programs": [ "sgas" ], "models": [ { "title": "SGAS: Sharon et al. (2020)", "program": "sgas", "refs": [ "2020ApJS..247...12S" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST SGAS page)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsp/sgas" } ] } ] }, { "name": "SDSS J0108+0624", "ra": "01:08:42", "dec": "+06:24:43.50", "z": 0.5478, "programs": [ "sgas" ], "models": [ { "title": "SGAS: Sharon et al. (2020)", "program": "sgas", "refs": [ "2020ApJS..247...12S" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST SGAS page)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsp/sgas" } ] } ] }, { "name": "SDSS J0146-0929", "ra": "01:46:56", "dec": "-09:29:52.40", "z": 0.4469, "programs": [ "sgas" ], "models": [ { "title": "SGAS: Sharon et al. (2020)", "program": "sgas", "refs": [ "2020ApJS..247...12S" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST SGAS page)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsp/sgas" } ] } ] }, { "name": "SDSS J0150+2725", "ra": "01:50:01", "dec": "+27:25:36.20", "z": 0.30619, "programs": [ "sgas" ], "models": [ { "title": "SGAS: Sharon et al. (2020)", "program": "sgas", "refs": [ "2020ApJS..247...12S" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST SGAS page)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsp/sgas" } ] } ] }, { "name": "SDSS J0333-0651", "ra": "03:33:05", "dec": "-06:51:22.20", "z": 0.5729, "programs": [ "sgas" ], "models": [ { "title": "SGAS: Sharon et al. (2020)", "program": "sgas", "refs": [ "2020ApJS..247...12S" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST SGAS page)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsp/sgas" } ] } ] }, { "name": "SDSS J0851+3331", "ra": "08:51:39", "dec": "+33:31:10.83", "z": 0.3689, "programs": [ "sgas" ], "models": [ { "title": "SGAS: Sharon et al. (2020)", "program": "sgas", "refs": [ "2020ApJS..247...12S" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST SGAS page)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsp/sgas" } ], "note": "The cluster's lensing properties were previously studied by\n[Oguri et al. (2012)](ref:2012MNRAS.420.3213O)." } ] }, { "name": "SDSS J0909+4449", "ra": "09:09:45.81", "dec": "+44:50:00.67", "z": 0.9, "models": [ { "title": "Shu et al. (2018)", "refs": [ "2018MNRAS.481L.136S" ], "availability": "unknown", "note": "Discovery paper of the [cluster-lensed quasar](transient:sdss-j0909p4449-agn), with a\nsimple lens model." } ] }, { "name": "SDSS J0915+3826", "ra": "09:15:39", "dec": "+38:26:58.77", "z": 0.3961, "programs": [ "sgas" ], "models": [ { "title": "SGAS: Sharon et al. (2020)", "program": "sgas", "refs": [ "2020ApJS..247...12S" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST SGAS page)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsp/sgas" } ], "note": "The cluster's lensing properties were previously studied by\n[Oguri et al. (2012)](ref:2012MNRAS.420.3213O)." } ] }, { "name": "SDSS J0928+2031", "ra": "09:28:06", "dec": "+20:31:25.55", "z": 0.192, "programs": [ "sgas" ], "models": [ { "title": "SGAS: Sharon et al. (2020)", "program": "sgas", "refs": [ "2020ApJS..247...12S" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST SGAS page)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsp/sgas" } ] } ] }, { "name": "SDSS J0952+3434", "ra": "09:52:40", "dec": "+34:34:47.09", "z": 0.357, "programs": [ "sgas" ], "models": [ { "title": "SGAS: Sharon et al. (2020)", "program": "sgas", "refs": [ "2020ApJS..247...12S" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST SGAS page)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsp/sgas" } ] } ] }, { "name": "SDSS J0957+0509", "ra": "09:57:39", "dec": "+05:09:31.80", "z": 0.4482, "programs": [ "sgas" ], "models": [ { "title": "SGAS: Sharon et al. (2020)", "program": "sgas", "refs": [ "2020ApJS..247...12S" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST SGAS page)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsp/sgas" } ], "note": "The cluster's lensing properties were previously studied by\n[Oguri et al. (2012)](ref:2012MNRAS.420.3213O)." } ] }, { "name": "SDSS J1002+2031", "ra": "10:02:27", "dec": "+20:31:02.61", "z": 0.319, "programs": [ "sgas" ], "models": [ { "title": "SGAS: Sharon et al. (2020)", "program": "sgas", "refs": [ "2020ApJS..247...12S" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "unavailable", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST SGAS page)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsp/sgas" } ], "note": "This cluster's model was not released because it is poorly constrained." } ] }, { "name": "SDSS J1004+4112", "ra": "10:04:33.83", "dec": "+41:12:34.73", "z": 0.68, "models": [ { "title": "Martínez-Arrizabalaga et al. (2024)", "refs": [ "2024A&A...682A.187M" ], "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "free-form", "time-delay-cosmography" ] }, { "title": "Perera et al. (2024)", "refs": [ "2024MNRAS.527.2639P" ], "availability": "on-request", "tags": [ "free-form", "hybrid", "multiple-models" ] }, { "title": "Liu et al. (2023)", "refs": [ "2023PhRvD.108h3532L" ], "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "time-delay-cosmography" ] }, { "title": "Napier et al. (2023b)", "refs": [ "2023ApJ...959..134N" ], "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "time-delay-cosmography" ], "note": "Modelled with [SDSS J1029+2623](cluster:sdss-j1029p2623) and\n[SDSS J2222+2745](cluster:sdss-j2222p2745) for a time-delay H0 measurement." }, { "title": "Forés-Toribio et al. (2022)", "refs": [ "2022ApJ...937...35F" ], "availability": "unknown" }, { "title": "Mohammed et al. (2015)", "refs": [ "2015PASJ...67...21M" ], "availability": "unknown" }, { "title": "Oguri et al. (2012)", "refs": [ "2012MNRAS.420.3213O" ], "availability": "unknown" }, { "title": "Oguri (2010)", "refs": [ "2010PASJ...62.1017O" ], "software": "glafic", "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Model download (glafic v1 page)", "url": "https://www.slac.stanford.edu/~oguri/glafic/index_v1.html" } ] }, { "title": "Liesenborgs et al. (2009)", "refs": [ "2009MNRAS.397..341L" ], "software": "GRALE", "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "free-form" ] }, { "title": "Kawano & Oguri (2006)", "refs": [ "2006PASJ...58..271K" ], "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "parametric", "multiple-models" ], "note": "A series of mass models with different inner density slopes, used to predict the\ndistribution of quasar time delays." }, { "title": "Sharon et al. (2005)", "refs": [ "2005ApJ...629L..73S" ], "availability": "unknown" }, { "title": "Williams & Saha (2004)", "refs": [ "2004AJ....128.2631W" ], "software": "other", "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "free-form" ], "note": "Free-form (pixellated) models of the quadruple quasar, made with PixeLens." }, { "title": "Oguri et al. (2004)", "refs": [ "2004ApJ...605...78O" ], "data": [ "ground" ], "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "parametric", "multiple-models" ], "note": "A range of models from the discovery follow-up; they place the potential centre off the\nbrightest cluster galaxy, elongated north-south, with large shear." } ] }, { "name": "SDSS J1029+2623", "designations": [ "CXOGSG J102911.9+262338", "1RXS J102912.0+262338" ], "ra": "10:29:11.90", "dec": "+26:23:38.00", "z": 0.588, "models": [ { "title": "Napier et al. (2023b)", "refs": [ "2023ApJ...959..134N" ], "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "time-delay-cosmography" ], "note": "Modelled with [SDSS J1004+4112](cluster:sdss-j1004p4112) and\n[SDSS J2222+2745](cluster:sdss-j2222p2745) for a time-delay H0 measurement." }, { "title": "Acebron et al. (2022b)", "refs": [ "2022ApJ...926...86A" ], "availability": "unknown", "note": "The paper also studies the [multiply imaged quasar](transient:sdss-j1029p2623-agn)." }, { "title": "Oguri et al. (2013)", "refs": [ "2013MNRAS.429..482O" ], "availability": "unknown" }, { "title": "Oguri et al. (2012)", "refs": [ "2012MNRAS.420.3213O" ], "availability": "unknown" }, { "title": "Kratzer et al. (2011)", "refs": [ "2011ApJ...728L..18K" ], "data": [ "ground" ], "availability": "unknown", "note": "Model fitted to resolved radio (VLA) positions and flux ratios of images B and C,\nadding a substructure of about 10^9 solar masses near image B to explain the flux anomaly." }, { "title": "Oguri et al. (2008)", "refs": [ "2008ApJ...676L...1O" ], "data": [ "ground" ], "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "parametric" ], "note": "Mass models that include the newly found third quasar image (a naked-cusp configuration)." } ] }, { "name": "SDSS J1038+4849", "ra": "10:38:43", "dec": "+48:49:18.73", "z": 0.4308, "programs": [ "sgas" ], "models": [ { "title": "SGAS: Sharon et al. (2020)", "program": "sgas", "refs": [ "2020ApJS..247...12S" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST SGAS page)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsp/sgas" } ] } ] }, { "name": "SDSS J1050+0017", "ra": "10:50:40", "dec": "+00:17:06.91", "z": 0.5931, "programs": [ "sgas" ], "models": [ { "title": "SGAS: Sharon et al. (2020)", "program": "sgas", "refs": [ "2020ApJS..247...12S" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST SGAS page)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsp/sgas" } ], "note": "The cluster's lensing properties were previously studied by\n[Oguri et al. (2012)](ref:2012MNRAS.420.3213O)." } ] }, { "name": "SDSS J1055+5547", "aka": [ "RCS2 J1055+5547" ], "ra": "10:55:05", "dec": "+55:48:23.23", "z": 0.466, "programs": [ "sgas" ], "models": [ { "title": "SGAS: Sharon et al. (2020)", "program": "sgas", "refs": [ "2020ApJS..247...12S" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST SGAS page)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsp/sgas" } ], "note": "The cluster's lensing properties were previously studied by\n[Oguri et al. (2012)](ref:2012MNRAS.420.3213O)." } ] }, { "name": "SDSS J1110+6459", "ra": "11:10:18", "dec": "+64:59:47.02", "z": 0.656, "programs": [ "sgas" ], "models": [ { "title": "Abedi et al. (2026)", "refs": [ "arXiv:2606.20804" ], "data": [ "JWST", "HST" ], "availability": "unknown" }, { "title": "SGAS: Sharon et al. (2020)", "program": "sgas", "refs": [ "2020ApJS..247...12S" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST SGAS page)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsp/sgas" } ], "note": "The cluster's lensing properties were previously studied by\n[Oguri et al. (2012)](ref:2012MNRAS.420.3213O)." } ] }, { "name": "SDSS J1115+1645", "ra": "11:15:04", "dec": "+16:45:38.40", "z": 0.537, "programs": [ "sgas" ], "models": [ { "title": "SGAS: Sharon et al. (2020)", "program": "sgas", "refs": [ "2020ApJS..247...12S" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST SGAS page)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsp/sgas" } ], "note": "The cluster's lensing properties were previously studied by\n[Oguri et al. (2012)](ref:2012MNRAS.420.3213O)." } ] }, { "name": "SDSS J1138+2754", "ra": "11:38:09", "dec": "+27:54:30.90", "z": 0.451, "programs": [ "sgas" ], "models": [ { "title": "SGAS: Sharon et al. (2020)", "program": "sgas", "refs": [ "2020ApJS..247...12S" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST SGAS page)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsp/sgas" } ], "note": "The cluster's lensing properties were previously studied by\n[Oguri et al. (2012)](ref:2012MNRAS.420.3213O)." } ] }, { "name": "SDSS J1152+0930", "ra": "11:52:47", "dec": "+09:30:14.54", "z": 0.517, "programs": [ "sgas" ], "models": [ { "title": "SGAS: Sharon et al. (2020)", "program": "sgas", "refs": [ "2020ApJS..247...12S" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST SGAS page)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsp/sgas" } ], "note": "The cluster's lensing properties were previously studied by\n[Oguri et al. (2012)](ref:2012MNRAS.420.3213O)." } ] }, { "name": "SDSS J1152+3313", "ra": "11:52:00", "dec": "+33:13:41.72", "z": 0.3612, "programs": [ "sgas" ], "models": [ { "title": "SGAS: Sharon et al. (2020)", "program": "sgas", "refs": [ "2020ApJS..247...12S" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST SGAS page)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsp/sgas" } ], "note": "The cluster's lensing properties were previously studied by\n[Oguri et al. (2012)](ref:2012MNRAS.420.3213O)." } ] }, { "name": "SDSS J1156+1911", "ra": "11:56:06", "dec": "+19:11:12.68", "z": 0.54547, "programs": [ "sgas" ], "models": [ { "title": "SGAS: Sharon et al. (2020)", "program": "sgas", "refs": [ "2020ApJS..247...12S" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST SGAS page)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsp/sgas" } ] } ] }, { "name": "SDSS J1207+5254", "ra": "12:07:36", "dec": "+52:54:58.20", "z": 0.275, "programs": [ "sgas" ], "models": [ { "title": "SGAS: Sharon et al. (2020)", "program": "sgas", "refs": [ "2020ApJS..247...12S" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST SGAS page)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsp/sgas" } ] } ] }, { "name": "SDSS J1209+2640", "designations": [ "eMACS J1209.4+2640" ], "ra": "12:09:24", "dec": "+26:40:46.50", "z": 0.5606, "programs": [ "sgas" ], "models": [ { "title": "Ebeling et al. (2025)", "refs": [ "2025MNRAS.537.2662E" ], "data": [ "HST", "Keck" ], "software": "Lenstool", "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "parametric" ] }, { "title": "SGAS: Sharon et al. (2020)", "program": "sgas", "refs": [ "2020ApJS..247...12S" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST SGAS page)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsp/sgas" } ], "note": "The cluster's lensing properties were previously studied by\n[Oguri et al. (2012)](ref:2012MNRAS.420.3213O)." } ] }, { "name": "SDSS J1226+2152", "aka": [ "SDSS J1226+2149" ], "designations": [ "WHL J122651.1+214952", "PSZ2 G254.92+82.31", "PSZ2 1173", "MACS J1226.8+2153", "RXC J1226.8+2153", "MCXC J1226.8+2153" ], "ra": "12:26:51.74", "dec": "+21:52:25.57", "z": 0.43, "programs": [ "templates" ], "models": [ { "title": "Sharon et al. (2022b)", "program": "templates", "refs": [ "2022arXiv220705709S" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens model (MAST TEMPLATES page)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsp/templates" } ], "note": "Model of the northern core, prepared for the [TEMPLATES](program:templates) program." }, { "title": "Tejos et al. (2021)", "program": "templates", "refs": [ "2021MNRAS.507..663T" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens model (MAST TEMPLATES page)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsp/templates" } ], "note": "Model of the northern core." }, { "title": "Oguri et al. (2012)", "refs": [ "2012MNRAS.420.3213O" ], "availability": "unknown", "note": "Covers the southern field of the cluster." } ], "notes": "This field includes two separate cluster cores about 2.5' apart, both of which act as\nstrong lenses (see e.g. [Oguri et al. 2012](ref:2012MNRAS.420.3213O)): the northern core\n(SDSS J1226+2152, this entry's position) and the southern core (SDSS J1226+2149).", "ignore_position_check": [ "SDSS J1226+2149", "WHL J122651.1+214952" ] }, { "name": "SDSS J1315+5439", "designations": [ "WHL J131509.3+543752", "RM J131511.2+543740.5" ], "ra": "13:15:09.30", "dec": "+54:37:51.8", "z": 0.588, "models": [ { "title": "Oguri et al. (2012)", "refs": [ "2012MNRAS.420.3213O" ], "availability": "unknown" } ] }, { "name": "SDSS J1326+4806", "ra": "13:26:00.01", "dec": "+48:06:43.53", "z": 0.396, "models": [ { "title": "Shu et al. (2019)", "refs": [ "2019MNRAS.489.4741S" ], "availability": "unknown", "note": "A simple model made to test whether SDSS J1326+4806 is a multiply imaged quasar." } ] }, { "name": "SDSS J1329+2243", "ra": "13:29:34", "dec": "+22:43:00.24", "z": 0.4427, "programs": [ "sgas" ], "models": [ { "title": "SGAS: Sharon et al. (2020)", "program": "sgas", "refs": [ "2020ApJS..247...12S" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST SGAS page)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsp/sgas" } ], "note": "The cluster's lensing properties were previously studied by\n[Oguri et al. (2012)](ref:2012MNRAS.420.3213O)." } ] }, { "name": "SDSS J1336-0331", "ra": "13:36:00", "dec": "-03:31:28.63", "z": 0.17637, "programs": [ "sgas" ], "models": [ { "title": "SGAS: Sharon et al. (2020)", "program": "sgas", "refs": [ "2020ApJS..247...12S" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST SGAS page)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsp/sgas" } ] } ] }, { "name": "SDSS J1343+4155", "ra": "13:43:33", "dec": "+41:55:04.08", "z": 0.418, "programs": [ "sgas" ], "models": [ { "title": "SGAS: Sharon et al. (2020)", "program": "sgas", "refs": [ "2020ApJS..247...12S" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST SGAS page)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsp/sgas" } ], "note": "The cluster's lensing properties were previously studied by\n[Oguri et al. (2012)](ref:2012MNRAS.420.3213O)." } ] }, { "name": "SDSS J1420+3955", "ra": "14:20:39", "dec": "+39:55:04.96", "z": 0.607, "programs": [ "sgas" ], "models": [ { "title": "SGAS: Sharon et al. (2020)", "program": "sgas", "refs": [ "2020ApJS..247...12S" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST SGAS page)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsp/sgas" } ], "note": "The cluster's lensing properties were previously studied by\n[Oguri et al. (2012)](ref:2012MNRAS.420.3213O)." } ] }, { "name": "SDSS J1439+1208", "ra": "14:39:10", "dec": "+12:08:24.75", "z": 0.42734, "programs": [ "sgas" ], "models": [ { "title": "SGAS: Sharon et al. (2020)", "program": "sgas", "refs": [ "2020ApJS..247...12S" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST SGAS page)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsp/sgas" } ] } ] }, { "name": "SDSS J1446+3032", "designations": [ "WHL J144633.7+303258", "GMBCG J221.64022+30.54954", "RM J144633.7+303258.3", "1RXS J144636.1+303306" ], "ra": "14:46:34.02", "dec": "+30:32:58.2", "z": 0.464, "models": [ { "title": "Oguri et al. (2012)", "refs": [ "2012MNRAS.420.3213O" ], "availability": "unknown" } ] }, { "name": "SDSS J1456+5702", "ra": "14:56:01", "dec": "+57:02:20.60", "z": 0.484, "programs": [ "sgas" ], "models": [ { "title": "SGAS: Sharon et al. (2020)", "program": "sgas", "refs": [ "2020ApJS..247...12S" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST SGAS page)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsp/sgas" } ], "note": "The cluster's lensing properties were previously studied by\n[Oguri et al. (2012)](ref:2012MNRAS.420.3213O)." } ] }, { "name": "SDSS J1522+2535", "ra": "15:22:53", "dec": "+25:35:29.36", "z": 0.602, "programs": [ "sgas" ], "models": [ { "title": "SGAS: Sharon et al. (2020)", "program": "sgas", "refs": [ "2020ApJS..247...12S" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST SGAS page)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsp/sgas" } ] } ] }, { "name": "SDSS J1527+0652", "ra": "15:27:45", "dec": "+06:52:31.79", "z": 0.392, "programs": [ "sgas" ], "models": [ { "title": "SGAS: Sharon et al. (2020)", "program": "sgas", "refs": [ "2020ApJS..247...12S" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "unavailable", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST SGAS page)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsp/sgas" } ], "note": "This cluster's model was not released because it is poorly constrained." } ] }, { "name": "SDSS J1531+3414", "ra": "15:31:11", "dec": "+34:14:24.91", "z": 0.335, "programs": [ "sgas" ], "models": [ { "title": "SGAS: Sharon et al. (2020)", "program": "sgas", "refs": [ "2020ApJS..247...12S" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST SGAS page)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsp/sgas" } ], "note": "The cluster's lensing properties were previously studied by\n[Oguri et al. (2012)](ref:2012MNRAS.420.3213O)." } ] }, { "name": "SDSS J1604+2244", "ra": "16:04:10", "dec": "+22:44:16.69", "z": 0.286, "programs": [ "sgas" ], "models": [ { "title": "SGAS: Sharon et al. (2020)", "program": "sgas", "refs": [ "2020ApJS..247...12S" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST SGAS page)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsp/sgas" } ] } ] }, { "name": "SDSS J1621+0607", "ra": "16:21:32", "dec": "+06:07:19.85", "z": 0.3429, "programs": [ "sgas" ], "models": [ { "title": "SGAS: Sharon et al. (2020)", "program": "sgas", "refs": [ "2020ApJS..247...12S" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST SGAS page)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsp/sgas" } ], "note": "The cluster's lensing properties were previously studied by\n[Oguri et al. (2012)](ref:2012MNRAS.420.3213O)." } ] }, { "name": "SDSS J1632+3500", "ra": "16:32:10", "dec": "+35:00:30.16", "z": 0.466, "programs": [ "sgas" ], "models": [ { "title": "SGAS: Sharon et al. (2020)", "program": "sgas", "refs": [ "2020ApJS..247...12S" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST SGAS page)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsp/sgas" } ], "note": "The cluster's lensing properties were previously studied by\n[Oguri et al. (2012)](ref:2012MNRAS.420.3213O)." } ] }, { "name": "SDSS J1723+3411", "ra": "17:23:36.50", "dec": "+34:11:55.90", "z": 0.4423, "programs": [ "sgas", "templates" ], "models": [ { "title": "TEMPLATES: Florian et al. (2021)", "program": "templates", "refs": [ "2021ApJ...916...50F", "2020ApJS..247...12S" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens model (MAST TEMPLATES page)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsp/templates" } ], "note": "Studied by [Florian et al. (2021)](ref:2021ApJ...916...50F) and\n[Sharon et al. (2020)](ref:2020ApJS..247...12S) in preparation for the TEMPLATES\nprogram." }, { "title": "SGAS: Sharon et al. (2020)", "program": "sgas", "refs": [ "2020ApJS..247...12S" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST SGAS page)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsp/sgas" } ] } ] }, { "name": "SDSS J2111-0114", "ra": "21:11:19", "dec": "-01:14:23.57", "z": 0.6363, "programs": [ "sgas" ], "models": [ { "title": "SGAS: Sharon et al. (2020)", "program": "sgas", "refs": [ "2020ApJS..247...12S" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST SGAS page)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsp/sgas" } ], "note": "The cluster's lensing properties were previously studied by\n[Oguri et al. (2012)](ref:2012MNRAS.420.3213O)." } ] }, { "name": "SDSS J2222+2745", "designations": [ "WHL J222208.6+274536" ], "ra": "22:22:08.58", "dec": "+27:45:35.63", "z": 0.489, "models": [ { "title": "Napier et al. (2023b)", "refs": [ "2023ApJ...959..134N" ], "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "time-delay-cosmography" ], "note": "Modelled with [SDSS J1004+4112](cluster:sdss-j1004p4112) and\n[SDSS J1029+2623](cluster:sdss-j1029p2623) for a time-delay H0 measurement." }, { "title": "Acebron et al. (2022a)", "refs": [ "2022A&A...668A.142A" ], "availability": "unknown", "note": "The paper also studies the [multiply imaged quasar](transient:sdss-j2222p2745-agn)." }, { "title": "Sharon et al. (2017)", "refs": [ "2017ApJ...835....5S" ], "availability": "unknown", "note": "Includes time-delay predictions for the multiply imaged quasar." }, { "title": "Dahle et al. (2013)", "refs": [ "2013ApJ...773..146D" ], "data": [ "ground" ], "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "parametric" ], "note": "Parametric models from the discovery paper, constrained by the quasar images and a giant arc at z = 2.30." } ] }, { "name": "SDSS J2243-0935", "ra": "22:43:23", "dec": "-09:35:21.40", "z": 0.447, "programs": [ "sgas" ], "models": [ { "title": "SGAS: Sharon et al. (2020)", "program": "sgas", "refs": [ "2020ApJS..247...12S" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST SGAS page)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsp/sgas" } ] } ] }, { "name": "SDSS J2340+2947", "designations": [ "WHL J234028.5+294747", "CSWA 161" ], "ra": "23:40:29", "dec": "+29:47:47", "z": 0.485, "models": [ { "title": "Florian et al. (2021)", "refs": [ "2021ApJ...916...50F" ], "availability": "unknown" } ] }, { "name": "SMACS J0723.3-7327", "designations": [ "PLCKESZ G284.99-23.70", "PLCK G285.0-23.7", "MCXC J0723.3-7327", "PSZ1 G284.97-23.69", "PSZ2 G284.97-23.69" ], "ra": "07:23:13.30", "dec": "-73:27:25.2", "z": 0.388, "programs": [ "relics", "venus", "alcs" ], "models": [ { "title": "Mahler et al. (2023)", "refs": [ "2023ApJ...945...49M" ], "data": [ "JWST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "LAM Strong Lensing Cluster Atlas", "url": "https://data.lam.fr/sl-cluster-atlas/home" } ] }, { "title": "Caminha et al. (2022)", "refs": [ "2022A&A...666L...9C" ], "data": [ "JWST", "HST", "MUSE" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Model download (CDS)", "url": "https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/J/A+A/666/L9/" }, { "label": "CDS catalogue page", "url": "http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/666/L9" } ] }, { "title": "RELICS: Sharon et al. (2023)", "program": "relics", "refs": [ "2023ApJS..264...15S" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "tags": [ "multiple-models" ], "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsps/relics/smacs0723m73/models/" } ], "note": "MAST provides models made with glafic, Lenstool and LTM (Zitrin)." } ] }, { "name": "SMACS J2031.8-4036", "ra": "20:31:53.26", "dec": "-40:37:30.8", "z": 0.331, "programs": [ "slice", "venus", "muse-lensing" ], "models": [ { "title": "SLICE: Cerny et al. (2026a)", "program": "slice", "refs": [ "2026ApJ..1001...60C" ], "data": [ "JWST" ], "availability": "upcoming", "note": "The model will be released on the\n[LAM Strong Lensing Cluster Atlas](program:lam-atlas)." }, { "title": "Richard et al. (2021)", "program": "muse-lensing", "refs": [ "2021A&A...646A..83R" ], "data": [ "HST", "MUSE" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Mass model", "url": "https://cral-perso.univ-lyon1.fr/labo/perso/johan.richard/MUSE_data_release/models/SMACS2031/" } ] } ] }, { "name": "SMACS J2131.1-4019", "designations": [ "SPT-CL J2131-4019", "ACT-CL J2131.0-4019" ], "ra": "21:31:03.82", "dec": "-40:19:17.8", "z": 0.447, "programs": [ "venus", "muse-lensing" ], "models": [ { "title": "Richard et al. (2021)", "program": "muse-lensing", "refs": [ "2021A&A...646A..83R" ], "data": [ "HST", "MUSE" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Mass model", "url": "https://cral-perso.univ-lyon1.fr/labo/perso/johan.richard/MUSE_data_release/models/SMACS2131/" } ] } ] }, { "name": "SMACS J2332.4-5358", "designations": [ "LCS-CL J233227-5358.4", "PSZ2 G325.99-59.48", "ACT-CL J2332.4-5358", "SPT-CL J2332-5358" ], "ra": "23:32:27.48", "dec": "-53:58:28.2", "z": 0.402, "programs": [ "muse-lensing" ], "models": [ { "title": "MUSE data release", "program": "muse-lensing", "data": [ "HST", "MUSE" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Mass model", "url": "https://cral-perso.univ-lyon1.fr/labo/perso/johan.richard/MUSE_data_release/models/SMACS2332/" } ], "note": "Not described in a paper as of September 2024. See also\n[Richard et al. (2021)](ref:2021A&A...646A..83R) and\n[Thai et al. (2023)](ref:2023A&A...678A.139T)." } ] }, { "name": "SPT-CL J0049-2440", "designations": [ "ACT-CL J0049.1-2440", "PSZ1 0406", "PSZ1 G110.75-87.48", "PSZ2 G110.28-87.48" ], "ra": "00:49:10.44", "dec": "-24:40:52.32", "z": 0.527, "models": [ { "title": "Mahler et al. (2025)", "refs": [ "2025ApJ...980...48M" ], "availability": "unknown", "note": "Modelled in the same paper as [SPT-CL J2325-4111](cluster:spt-cl-j2325m4111)." } ] }, { "name": "SPT-CL J0216-2609", "designations": [ "ACT-CL J0216.6-2609" ], "ra": "02:16:36.90", "dec": "-26:09:44.70", "z": 0.79, "models": [ { "title": "Roberson et al. (2026)", "refs": [ "2026ApJ..1009...24R" ], "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "preliminary" ], "note": "The authors call the model underconstrained and severely limited." } ] }, { "name": "SPT-CL J0304-5404", "designations": [ "ACT-CL J0304.9-5404" ], "ra": "03:04:51.86", "dec": "-54:04:30.00", "z": 0.794, "models": [ { "title": "Roberson et al. (2026)", "refs": [ "2026ApJ..1009...24R" ], "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "preliminary" ], "note": "The authors call the model underconstrained and severely limited." } ] }, { "name": "SPT-CL J0356-5337", "designations": [ "ACT-CL J0356.3-5337", "PSZSPT J0356-5337" ], "ra": "03:56:20.52", "dec": "-53:37:59.2", "z": 1.035, "models": [ { "title": "Smith et al. (2025a)", "refs": [ "2025ApJ...991..142S" ], "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "multiple-models" ], "note": "Updates the [Mahler et al. (2020)](#mahler-et-al-2020) model." }, { "title": "Mahler et al. (2020)", "refs": [ "2020ApJ...894..150M" ], "availability": "unknown" } ] }, { "name": "SPT-CL J0516-5755", "designations": [ "ACT-CL J0516.9-5754" ], "ra": "05:16:57.6", "dec": "-57:55:00.1", "z": 0.966, "programs": [ "slice" ], "models": [ { "title": "SLICE: Cerny et al. (2026a)", "program": "slice", "refs": [ "2026ApJ..1001...60C" ], "data": [ "JWST" ], "availability": "upcoming", "note": "The model will be released on the\n[LAM Strong Lensing Cluster Atlas](program:lam-atlas)." } ] }, { "name": "SPT-CL J0546-5345", "designations": [ "ACT-CL J0546-5345", "ACT-CL J0546.6-5345", "ACT-CL J0546-5346" ], "ra": "05:46:36.98", "dec": "-53:45:41.4", "z": 1.066, "programs": [ "slice" ], "models": [ { "title": "SLICE: Allingham et al. (2025)", "program": "slice", "refs": [ "2025ApJ...990L..25A" ], "data": [ "JWST" ], "availability": "public", "links": [ { "label": "Model download (Zenodo)", "url": "https://zenodo.org/records/16534337" }, { "label": "Model download (Dropbox)", "url": "https://www.dropbox.com/scl/fo/8fic6htci3ena7dxd3c4f/ALEwQayC-JZJFfeaXjPokkg?rlkey=5ne3rx9k0j90wvb577py1o0u8&st=11gqzcqt&dl=0" } ] } ] }, { "name": "SPT-CL J0615-5746", "designations": [ "ACT-CL J0615.8-5746", "PLCK G266.6-27.3", "PSZ1 G266.56-27.31", "PSZ2 G266.54-27.31" ], "ra": "06:15:51.60", "dec": "-57:46:34.7", "z": 0.972, "programs": [ "relics", "venus" ], "models": [ { "title": "RELICS: Paterno-Mahler et al. (2018)", "program": "relics", "refs": [ "2018ApJ...863..154P" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "tags": [ "multiple-models" ], "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsps/relics/spt0615m57/models/" } ], "note": "MAST provides models made with glafic, Lenstool and LTM (Zitrin)." } ] }, { "name": "SPT-CL J2011-5228", "designations": [ "ACT-CL J2011.1-5228" ], "ra": "20:11:07.4", "dec": "-52:28:24.2", "z": 1.064, "programs": [ "slice" ], "models": [ { "title": "SLICE: Cerny et al. (2026a)", "program": "slice", "refs": [ "2026ApJ..1001...60C" ], "data": [ "JWST" ], "availability": "upcoming", "note": "The model will be released on the\n[LAM Strong Lensing Cluster Atlas](program:lam-atlas)." } ] }, { "name": "SPT-CL J2325-4111", "designations": [ "Abell S1121", "ACT-CL J2325.2-4111", "PSZ1 G348.92-67.38", "PSZ2 G348.90-67.37" ], "ra": "23:25:11.20", "dec": "-41:11:47.76", "z": 0.358, "programs": [ "venus" ], "models": [ { "title": "Mahler et al. (2025)", "refs": [ "2025ApJ...980...48M" ], "availability": "unknown", "note": "Modelled in the same paper as [SPT-CL J0049-2440](cluster:spt-cl-j0049m2440)." } ] }, { "name": "WARPS J1415.1+3612", "designations": [ "CDGS 57", "WARP J1415.1+3612", "CL J1415.1+3612", "CL J1415+3612", "MCXC J1415.1+3612" ], "ra": "14:15:11.10", "dec": "+36:12:03.0", "z": 1.03, "models": [ { "title": "Huang et al. (2009)", "refs": [ "2009ApJ...707L..12H" ], "availability": "unknown", "note": "The paper reports a multiply imaged galaxy at z = 3.9 behind the cluster." } ] }, { "name": "WH J040011.7-270711", "ra": "04:00:11.73", "dec": "-27:07:10.52", "z": 0.6495, "models": [ { "title": "Bazzanini et al. (2025)", "refs": [ "2025A&A...698A..29B" ], "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "preliminary" ], "note": "Made to study the candidate multiply imaged\n[AGN](transient:wh-j040011.7m270711-agn-candidate) behind the cluster." } ] }, { "name": "WHL J013719.8-082841", "aka": [ "WHL J24.3324-8.477" ], "ra": "01:37:19.78", "dec": "-08:28:40.7", "z": 0.569, "programs": [ "relics", "venus" ], "models": [ { "title": "RELICS", "program": "relics", "refs": [ "2022Natur.603..815W" ], "data": [ "HST" ], "availability": "public", "tags": [ "multiple-models" ], "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (MAST)", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsps/relics/whl0137m08/models/" } ], "note": "MAST provides models made with glafic, Lenstool, WSLAP+ and LTM (Zitrin); all four are\ndescribed in [Welch et al. (2022)](ref:2022Natur.603..815W), the discovery paper of the\nlensed star Earendel." } ] }, { "name": "XLSSC 122", "designations": [ "ACT-CL J0217.7-0345", "3XLSS J021744.0-034531", "XLSSU J021744.1-034536" ], "ra": "02:17:44.10", "dec": "-03:46:11.00", "z": 1.98, "models": [ { "title": "Finner et al. (2025)", "refs": [ "2025ApJ...994L..35F" ], "data": [ "JWST" ], "availability": "unknown" } ] }, { "name": "ZwCl 0847.2+3617", "aka": [ "Zwicky 1953" ], "designations": [ "WHL J085007.2+360421", "SPIDERS 2_07063", "PSZ2 G186.99+38.65", "GMBCG J132.53297+36.07048", "MCXC J0850.2+3603", "PSZ1 0631", "PSZ1 G186.98+38.66", "RXC J0850.1+3603", "RXC J0850.2+3603" ], "ra": "08:50:11.98", "dec": "+36:03:41.00", "z": 0.377, "models": [ { "title": "Wong et al. (2017)", "refs": [ "2017ApJ...844..127W" ], "availability": "unknown", "tags": [ "weak-lensing" ] } ] } ], "transients": [ { "name": "Abell 1689 CAND-10658", "class": "supernova", "subclass": "IIn (photometric)", "status": "candidate", "images": "single", "cluster": "abell-1689", "ra": "13:11:22.31", "dec": "-01:21:45.0", "z": 0.94, "refs": [ "2016A&A...594A..54P" ], "notes": "Core-collapse supernova behind Abell 1689, one of six in the near-infrared supernova\nsearches compiled by [Petrushevska et al. (2016)](ref:2016A&A...594A..54P); the cluster brightens\nit by about 0.58 mag according to the lens models used there. Classified from its light\ncurve. Host redshift photometric." }, { "name": "Abell 1689 CAND-10662", "class": "supernova", "subclass": "IIP (photometric)", "status": "candidate", "images": "single", "cluster": "abell-1689", "ra": "13:11:24.82", "dec": "-01:19:42.9", "z": 1.03, "refs": [ "2016A&A...594A..54P" ], "notes": "Core-collapse supernova behind Abell 1689, one of six in the near-infrared supernova\nsearches compiled by [Petrushevska et al. (2016)](ref:2016A&A...594A..54P); the cluster brightens\nit by about 1.04 mag according to the lens models used there. Classified from its light\ncurve. Host redshift photometric." }, { "name": "Abell 1689 CAND-1392", "class": "supernova", "subclass": "IIP (photometric)", "status": "confirmed", "images": "single", "cluster": "abell-1689", "ra": "13:11:29.69", "dec": "-01:22:12.0", "z": 0.944, "refs": [ "2016A&A...594A..54P" ], "notes": "Core-collapse supernova behind Abell 1689, one of six in the near-infrared supernova\nsearches compiled by [Petrushevska et al. (2016)](ref:2016A&A...594A..54P); the cluster brightens\nit by about 1.09 mag according to the lens models used there. Classified from its light\ncurve." }, { "name": "Abell 1689 CAND-669", "class": "supernova", "subclass": "IIL (photometric)", "status": "confirmed", "images": "single", "cluster": "abell-1689", "ra": "13:11:33.45", "dec": "-01:23:42.9", "z": 0.671, "refs": [ "2016A&A...594A..54P" ], "notes": "Core-collapse supernova behind Abell 1689, one of six in the near-infrared supernova\nsearches compiled by [Petrushevska et al. (2016)](ref:2016A&A...594A..54P); the cluster brightens\nit by about 0.31 mag according to the lens models used there. Classified from its light\ncurve." }, { "name": "Abell 1689 CAND-821", "class": "supernova", "subclass": "IIn (photometric)", "status": "confirmed", "images": "single", "cluster": "abell-1689", "ra": "13:11:26.43", "dec": "-01:21:31.2", "z": 1.703, "refs": [ "2011ApJ...742L...7A", "2016A&A...594A..54P" ], "notes": "Core-collapse supernova behind Abell 1689, one of six in the near-infrared supernova\nsearches compiled by [Petrushevska et al. (2016)](ref:2016A&A...594A..54P); the cluster brightens\nit by about 1.58 mag according to the lens models used there. Classified from its light\ncurve. Reported by Amanullah et al. (2011) as a highly magnified supernova at z = 1.703." }, { "name": "Abell 1689 CAND-ISAAC", "class": "supernova", "subclass": "IIP (photometric)", "status": "confirmed", "images": "single", "cluster": "abell-1689", "ra": "13:11:28.01", "dec": "-01:19:25.0", "z": 0.637, "refs": [ "2009A&A...507...71G", "2016A&A...594A..54P" ], "notes": "Core-collapse supernova behind Abell 1689, one of six in the near-infrared supernova\nsearches compiled by [Petrushevska et al. (2016)](ref:2016A&A...594A..54P); the cluster brightens\nit by about 1.4 mag according to the lens models used there. Classified from its light\ncurve. Found in the VLT/ISAAC search of Goobar et al. (2009), who estimated z ~ 0.59;\nthe host spectrum later gave z = 0.637." }, { "name": "Abell 370 archival SN", "class": "supernova", "subclass": "CCSN", "status": "confirmed", "cluster": "abell-370", "refs": [ "2022Natur.611..256C" ], "notes": "Archival multiply-imaged supernova in _Hubble Space Telescope_ images from 2010, in a\ngalaxy at photometric z ~ 2.9 ([Chen et al. 2022](ref:2022Natur.611..256C)). The three\nimages show it at different times after explosion; the early light curve matches shock\ncooling of a red-supergiant progenitor. No spectral type was measured." }, { "name": "Abell S295 SN1", "class": "supernova", "subclass": "Ib/c (photometric)", "status": "candidate", "images": "single", "cluster": "abell-s295", "ra": "02:45:34.26", "dec": "-53:01:51.0", "z": 0.64, "discovered": 2016, "refs": [ "2023MNRAS.522.4718G" ], "notes": "Likely core-collapse (Ib/c) supernova at z ~ 0.64, just behind Abell S295 (z = 0.30),\nfound in RELICS imaging ([Golubchik et al. 2023](ref:2023MNRAS.522.4718G)). Redshift and\ntype are photometric." }, { "name": "COOL J0335-1927 AGN", "class": "agn", "status": "confirmed", "cluster": "cool-j0335m1927", "z": 3.27, "refs": [ "2023ApJ...954L..38N" ], "notes": "Lensed quasar at z = 3.27 ([Napier et al. 2023a](ref:2023ApJ...954L..38N))." }, { "name": "COOL J0542-2125 AGN", "class": "agn", "status": "confirmed", "cluster": "cool-j0542m2125", "refs": [ "2023ApJ...946...63M" ], "notes": "Quasar with a 25.9 arcsec image separation, lensed by a merging cluster\n([Martinez et al. 2023](ref:2023ApJ...946...63M))." }, { "name": "MACS J0035.4-2015 AGN", "class": "agn", "status": "confirmed", "cluster": "macs-j0035.4m2015", "z": 2.06, "refs": [ "2023MNRAS.522.5142F" ], "notes": "Variable AGN at z = 2.06, triply imaged ([Furtak et al. 2023a](ref:2023MNRAS.522.5142F))." }, { "name": "MACS J0416.1-2403 SN01", "class": "supernova", "status": "confirmed", "images": "single", "cluster": "macs-j0416.1m2403", "ra": "04:16:07.09", "dec": "-24:05:24.8", "z": 2.205, "refs": [ "2023ApJS..269...43Y" ], "notes": "Supernova in a galaxy at z = 2.205 found in the PEARLS JWST imaging of MACS\nJ0416.1-2403, magnified about 2.9 times ([Yan et al. 2023](ref:2023ApJS..269...43Y))." }, { "name": "MACS J0416.1-2403 SN02", "class": "supernova", "status": "confirmed", "images": "single", "cluster": "macs-j0416.1m2403", "ra": "04:16:10.61", "dec": "-24:04:28.2", "z": 0.7093, "refs": [ "2023ApJS..269...43Y" ], "notes": "Supernova in a spiral galaxy at z = 0.7093 found in the PEARLS JWST imaging of MACS\nJ0416.1-2403, magnified about 1.9 times ([Yan et al. 2023](ref:2023ApJS..269...43Y))." }, { "name": "MACS J1347.5-1144 SN candidate", "class": "supernova", "status": "candidate", "cluster": "macs-j1347.5m1144", "z": 1.76, "discovered": 2022, "refs": [ "2022ATel15463....1K" ], "links": [ { "label": "HST DD 17228 (light curve and grism spectroscopy)", "url": "https://www.stsci.edu/hst-program-info/program/?program=17228" } ], "notes": "Candidate young supernova found in May 2022 HST imaging, in a galaxy at z = 1.76 that the\ncluster lenses into multiple images (magnification about 4 for the observed image). It\nmay reappear about 9.5 years later in a more strongly magnified arc of the same galaxy\n([Kelly et al. 2022](ref:2022ATel15463....1K))." }, { "name": "SDSS J0909+4449 AGN", "class": "agn", "status": "confirmed", "cluster": "sdss-j0909p4449", "refs": [ "2018MNRAS.481L.136S" ], "notes": "Large-separation, triply-imaged quasar at z ~ 2.8\n([Shu et al. 2018](ref:2018MNRAS.481L.136S))." }, { "name": "SDSS J1004+4112 AGN", "class": "agn", "status": "confirmed", "cluster": "sdss-j1004p4112", "z": 1.734, "refs": [ "2003Natur.426..810I", "2004AJ....128.2631W", "2004ApJ...605...78O", "2004ApJ...610..679R", "2005ApJ...629L..73S", "2005PASJ...57L...7I", "2006A&A...454..493L", "2006ApJ...647..215O", "2006PASJ...58..271K", "2007ApJ...662...62F", "2008ApJ...676..761F", "2008PASJ...60L..27I", "2009MNRAS.397..341L", "2010PASJ...62.1017O", "2011ApJ...739L..28J", "2015PASJ...67...21M", "2016ApJ...830..149F", "2020A&A...634A..27P", "2020A&A...643A..10H", "2022ApJ...937...34M", "2022ApJ...937...35F", "2023A&A...672A..45H", "2023ApJ...959..134N", "2024A&A...682A..57F", "2024A&A...682A.187M", "2024A&A...691A..97F", "2024MNRAS.527.2639P", "2026ApJ...997..274M" ], "notes": "Quasar at z = 1.734 lensed into four images up to 14.6 arcsec apart, the first quasar\nknown to be lensed by a cluster ([Inada et al. 2003](ref:2003Natur.426..810I)); a faint\nfifth image lies near the brightest cluster galaxy\n([Inada et al. 2005](ref:2005PASJ...57L...7I)). All the time delays are measured,\nthe longest from a 14.5-year campaign\n([Muñoz et al. 2022](ref:2022ApJ...937...34M)), and are used for H0 measurements and to\nconstrain the cluster's substructure. Microlensing of the images probes the quasar's\naccretion disc and broad-line region." }, { "name": "SDSS J1029+2623 AGN", "class": "agn", "status": "confirmed", "cluster": "sdss-j1029p2623", "z": 2.197, "refs": [ "2006ApJ...653L..97I", "2008ApJ...676L...1O", "2011ApJ...728L..18K", "2012ApJ...758...26O", "2013AJ....145...48M", "2013ApJ...764..186F", "2013MNRAS.429..482O", "2014ApJ...794L..20M", "2016ApJ...825...25M", "2020ApJ...890....3R", "2022ApJ...926...86A", "2023ApJ...959..134N" ], "notes": "Quasar at z = 2.197 lensed into two images 22.5 arcsec apart, the widest separation known\nwhen found ([Inada et al. 2006](ref:2006ApJ...653L..97I)); a third image close to one of\nthem makes it a naked-cusp configuration ([Oguri et al. 2008](ref:2008ApJ...676L...1O)).\nIts time delay is about two years ([Fohlmeister et al. 2013](ref:2013ApJ...764..186F)).\nLater papers study flux-ratio anomalies, X-ray emission and outflows seen along the\ndifferent sight lines." }, { "name": "SDSS J1326+4806 AGN", "class": "agn", "status": "confirmed", "cluster": "sdss-j1326p4806", "refs": [ "2019MNRAS.489.4741S" ], "notes": "Multiply-imaged quasar; [Shu et al. (2019)](ref:2019MNRAS.489.4741S) built a simple lens\nmodel to test the lensing interpretation." }, { "name": "SDSS J2222+2745 AGN", "class": "agn", "status": "confirmed", "cluster": "sdss-j2222p2745", "z": 2.805, "refs": [ "2013ApJ...773..146D", "2015ApJ...813...67D", "2017ApJ...835....5S", "2021ApJ...911...64W", "2021ApJ...915L...9W", "2022A&A...668A.142A", "2023ApJ...959..134N" ], "notes": "Quasar at z = 2.8 lensed into six images up to 15.1 arcsec apart, found in the Sloan\nGiant Arcs Survey ([Dahle et al. 2013](ref:2013ApJ...773..146D)). Time delays:\n[Dahle et al. (2015)](ref:2015ApJ...813...67D); lens model and delay predictions:\n[Sharon et al. (2017)](ref:2017ApJ...835....5S). The multiple images were also used to\nmeasure the quasar's black-hole mass by reverberation mapping." }, { "name": "SN 2022riv", "aliases": [ "AT 2022riv" ], "class": "supernova", "subclass": "Ia", "status": "confirmed", "cluster": "rx-j2129.7p0005", "ra": "21:29:40.21", "dec": "+00:05:24.2", "z": 1.522, "discovered": 2022, "refs": [ "2022TNSAN.169....1K", "2026ApJ..1008..230D" ], "links": [ { "label": "HST DD 17253 (light curve)", "url": "https://www.stsci.edu/hst-program-info/program/?program=17253" }, { "label": "JWST DD 2767 (spectroscopy)", "url": "https://www.stsci.edu/jwst-program-info/program/?program=2767" } ], "notes": "Type Ia supernova in a galaxy at z = 1.522 that RX J2129.7+0005 lenses into three\nimages; it was seen in the last-arriving image, with the other two predicted to have\npassed roughly 320 and 1000 days earlier. JWST/NIRSpec spectroscopy confirmed the type,\nand the magnification of the observed image (about 5) was measured from the light curve\nand compared with six lens models\n([Dhanasingham et al. 2026](ref:2026ApJ..1008..230D))." }, { "name": "SN Ares", "class": "supernova", "subclass": "CCSN", "status": "confirmed", "cluster": "macs-j0308.9p2645", "ra": "03:08:53.42", "dec": "+26:45:58.6", "z": 1.275, "discovered": 2025, "links": [ { "label": "JWST DD 9478 (imaging and spectroscopy)", "url": "https://www.stsci.edu/jwst-program-info/program/?program=9478" } ], "notes": "Core-collapse supernova found in VENUS JWST imaging on 2025 August 25 and announced in\nJanuary 2026. It appeared in the first of three images of its host; the other two are\nexpected only after several decades (about 60 years), the longest time delays known\nfor a lensed supernova. No paper yet; details from the public DD proposal." }, { "name": "SN Atalanta", "class": "supernova", "subclass": "IIP (photometric)", "status": "confirmed", "cluster": "smacs-j0723.3m7327", "ra": "07:23:17.70", "dec": "-73:27:10.7", "links": [ { "label": "HST DD 18297 (light curve)", "url": "https://www.stsci.edu/hst-program-info/program/?program=18297" }, { "label": "JWST DD 12774 (imaging and spectroscopy)", "url": "https://www.stsci.edu/jwst-program-info/program/?program=12774" } ], "notes": "Multiply-imaged supernova found in JWST/NIRCam imaging of SMACS J0723.3-7327. Two images\nare visible, magnified about 25 times, with a predicted time delay of 20-30 days. The\nphotometry suggests a Type IIP near the end of its plateau; its very faint host has no\nspectroscopic redshift yet. No paper yet; details from the public DD proposals.\nPosition: image 1." }, { "name": "SN Athena", "class": "supernova", "subclass": "CCSN", "status": "confirmed", "cluster": "macs-j0417.5m1154", "z": 0.87, "discovered": 2025, "links": [ { "label": "JWST DD 12781 (monitoring for the reappearance)", "url": "https://www.stsci.edu/jwst-program-info/program/?program=12781" }, { "label": "HST DD 18470 (monitoring for the reappearance)", "url": "https://www.stsci.edu/hst-program-info/program/?program=18470" } ], "notes": "Core-collapse supernova found in VENUS JWST imaging in October 2025, in the quintuply\nimaged \"question mark\" galaxy (z = 0.87). It was caught as the second of three images;\nthree lens models predict the next image a few arcseconds away between August 2026 and\nMarch 2027, and joint JWST and HST DD programs are monitoring for it. No paper yet;\ndetails from the public DD proposals." }, { "name": "SN CLA11Tib", "class": "supernova", "subclass": "unclassified", "status": "confirmed", "images": "single", "cluster": "abell-383", "ra": "02:48:01.27", "dec": "-03:33:16.9", "z": 1.143, "discovered": 2011, "refs": [ "2014ApJ...786....9P" ], "notes": "Supernova behind Abell 383 from the CLASH survey; its type is inconclusive. The lens\nmodels predict 0.43 mag of magnification ([Patel et al. 2014](ref:2014ApJ...786....9P))." }, { "name": "SN CLN12Did", "class": "supernova", "subclass": "Ia (photometric)", "status": "confirmed", "images": "single", "cluster": "macs-j1532.8p3021", "ra": "15:32:59.25", "dec": "+30:21:42.8", "z": 0.851, "discovered": 2012, "refs": [ "2014ApJ...786....9P", "2014MNRAS.440.2742N" ], "notes": "Type Ia supernova behind RX J1532.9+3021 from the CLASH survey, about 0.2 mag brighter\nthan unlensed SNe Ia; the lens models predict 0.28 mag ([Patel et al.\n2014](ref:2014ApJ...786....9P))." }, { "name": "SN CLO12Car", "class": "supernova", "subclass": "Ia (photometric)", "status": "confirmed", "images": "single", "cluster": "macs-j1720.2p3536", "ra": "17:20:21.03", "dec": "+35:36:40.9", "z": 1.281, "discovered": 2012, "refs": [ "2014ApJ...786....9P", "2014MNRAS.440.2742N" ], "notes": "Type Ia supernova behind MACS J1720.2+3536 from the CLASH survey. It is about 1.0 mag\nbrighter than unlensed SNe Ia at its redshift, consistent with the 0.83 mag predicted by\nthe CLASH lens models ([Patel et al. 2014](ref:2014ApJ...786....9P); [Nordin et al.\n2014](ref:2014MNRAS.440.2742N))." }, { "name": "SN Encore", "class": "supernova", "subclass": "Ia", "status": "confirmed", "cluster": "macs-j0138.0m2155", "ra": "01:38:03.90", "dec": "-21:55:49.0", "z": 1.95, "discovered": 2023, "refs": [ "2024ApJ...967L..37P", "2024MNRAS.535.2939D", "2025A&A...697A..94G", "2025A&A...699A.101A", "2025A&A...702A.157E", "2026ApJ...998..219P", "2026A&A...708A.291S", "arXiv:2606.25205" ], "links": [ { "label": "JWST DD 6549 (follow-up of the discovery)", "url": "https://www.stsci.edu/jwst-program-info/program/?program=6549" } ], "notes": "Second multiply-imaged supernova in MRG-M0138 (z = 1.95), after\n[SN Requiem](transient:sn-requiem), found in JWST imaging in November 2023\n([Pierel et al. 2024b](ref:2024ApJ...967L..37P)). The \"Cosmology with supernova Encore\"\nseries covers the MUSE spectroscopy ([Granata et al. 2025](ref:2025A&A...697A..94G)),\nthe GLEE lens models ([Ertl et al. 2025](ref:2025A&A...702A.157E)), the time delays\n([Pierel et al. 2026](ref:2026ApJ...998..219P)) and the blind comparison of lens models\nwith the resulting H0 ([Suyu et al. 2026](ref:2026A&A...708A.291S))." }, { "name": "SN Eos", "class": "supernova", "subclass": "IIP", "status": "confirmed", "cluster": "macs-j1931.8m2635", "ra": "19:31:49.22", "dec": "-26:34:29.5", "z": 5.133, "discovered": 2025, "refs": [ "2026arXiv260104156C", "2026ApJ..1005..215A", "arXiv:2607.14355" ], "links": [ { "label": "JWST DD 9493 (spectroscopy)", "url": "https://www.stsci.edu/jwst-program-info/program/?program=9493" }, { "label": "JWST GO 12299 (Cycle 5 follow-up)", "url": "https://www.stsci.edu/jwst-program-info/program/?program=12299" } ], "notes": "Spectroscopically confirmed, metal-poor Type II supernova at z = 5.13, found in VENUS\nJWST imaging in September 2025 ([Coulter et al. 2026](ref:2026arXiv260104156C)). The\nVENUS lens model of [Allingham et al. (2026)](ref:2026ApJ..1005..215A) predicts five\nimages; the observed radial pair is magnified 25-30 times with a delay of under five\ndays. Its ultra-faint host is studied by\n[Asada et al. (2026)](ref:arXiv:2607.14355). Position: image 1." }, { "name": "SN H0pe", "class": "supernova", "subclass": "Ia", "status": "confirmed", "cluster": "plck-g165.7p67.0", "ra": "11:27:15.31", "dec": "+42:28:40.7", "z": 1.783, "discovered": 2023, "refs": [ "2024ApJ...961..171F", "2023A&A...675L...4P", "2024ApJ...967...50P", "2024ApJ...970..102C", "2025ApJ...979...13P", "2026A&A...708A.359G", "2026ApJ..1002..187A", "2026MNRAS.548g.340G" ], "links": [ { "label": "JWST DD 4446 (follow-up of the discovery)", "url": "https://www.stsci.edu/jwst-program-info/program/?program=4446" } ], "notes": "Triply-imaged Type Ia supernova discovered in JWST imaging in March 2023\n([Frye et al. 2024](ref:2024ApJ...961..171F)). Its time delays\n([Pierel et al. 2024a](ref:2024ApJ...967...50P)) gave the first H0 from a multiply-imaged\nSN Ia ([Pascale et al. 2025](ref:2025ApJ...979...13P)). Position: image 2a." }, { "name": "SN Helios", "class": "supernova", "subclass": "II", "status": "confirmed", "cluster": "rxc-j0018.5p1626", "ra": "00:18:31.50", "dec": "+16:26:18.0", "z": 3.34, "discovered": 2026, "refs": [ "arXiv:2609.30440" ], "links": [ { "label": "JWST DD 12782 (imaging and spectroscopy)", "url": "https://www.stsci.edu/jwst-program-info/program/?program=12782" } ], "notes": "Type II supernova at z = 3.34 found in VENUS JWST imaging on 2026 July 3, magnified 10-20\ntimes ([Fujimoto et al. 2026](ref:arXiv:2609.30440)). Only one image has been seen; lens\nmodels predict another within about 2-6 years, which would extend time-delay\ncosmography beyond z = 3." }, { "name": "SN HFF14Tom", "class": "supernova", "subclass": "Ia", "status": "confirmed", "images": "single", "cluster": "abell-2744", "ra": "00:14:17.87", "dec": "-30:23:59.7", "z": 1.3457, "discovered": 2014, "refs": [ "2015ApJ...811...70R", "2016ApJ...819..114K" ], "notes": "Type Ia supernova behind Abell 2744 from the Frontier Fields supernova search. Its\nbrightness implies a magnification of 2.03 +- 0.29, which tested the Frontier Fields\nlens models ([Rodney et al. 2015](ref:2015ApJ...811...70R)); [Kawamata et al.\n(2016)](ref:2016ApJ...819..114K) used it as a magnification constraint." }, { "name": "SN Nebra", "class": "supernova", "subclass": "Ia (photometric)", "status": "candidate", "images": "single", "cluster": "abell-1763", "ra": "13:35:15.14", "dec": "+41:00:15.7", "discovered": 2016, "refs": [ "2016ATel.9224....1R", "2019ApJ...884...85C", "2023MNRAS.522.4718G" ], "notes": "Likely Type Ia supernova at z ~ 2 behind Abell 1763, found in RELICS imaging; an initial\nestimate gave a magnification of about 2. Its host has only a photometric redshift\n([Golubchik et al. 2023](ref:2023MNRAS.522.4718G))." }, { "name": "SN Refsdal", "class": "supernova", "subclass": "II (SN 1987A-like)", "status": "confirmed", "cluster": "macs-j1149.5p2223", "ra": "11:49:36.01", "dec": "+22:23:48.1", "z": 1.49, "discovered": 2014, "refs": [ "2015Sci...347.1123K", "2014ATel.6729....1K", "2015ApJ...800L..26S", "2015MNRAS.449L..86O", "2015ApJ...804L..14Y", "2015ATel.8402....1K", "2016A&A...585A..27K", "2016ApJ...817...60T", "2016ApJ...819..114K", "2016ApJ...819L...8K", "2016ApJ...820...50R", "2016ApJ...822...78G", "2016ApJ...831..205K", "2016MNRAS.456..356D", "2016MNRAS.457.2029J", "2018ApJ...853L..31V", "2018ApJ...860...94G", "2018MNRAS.476..804D", "2019MNRAS.482.5666W", "2020ApJ...898...87G", "2020MNRAS.494.3253L", "2020RNAAS...4..215C", "2021ApJ...907...35B", "2021ApJ...919...54Z", "2023ApJ...948...93K", "2023Sci...380.1322K", "2024A&A...684L..23G", "2024A&A...689A..42S", "2024ApJ...966..121L", "2026A&A...707A.370S" ], "links": [ { "label": "HST DD 14041 (follow-up of the discovery)", "url": "https://www.stsci.edu/hst-program-info/program/?program=14041" } ], "notes": "The first multiply-imaged supernova, found in 2014 as an Einstein cross of four images\naround a cluster member galaxy ([Kelly et al. 2015](ref:2015Sci...347.1123K)). Lens\nmodels predicted a further image about a year later\n([Treu et al. 2016](ref:2016ApJ...817...60T)), which appeared in December 2015\n([Kelly et al. 2016a](ref:2016ApJ...819L...8K)). Its time delays gave the first H0\nmeasurement from a lensed supernova ([Kelly et al. 2023b](ref:2023Sci...380.1322K);\n[Grillo et al. 2024](ref:2024A&A...684L..23G)). The references are papers centred on the\nsupernova, its host or the lens models it tested." }, { "name": "SN Requiem", "aliases": [ "AT 2016jka" ], "class": "supernova", "subclass": "Ia (likely)", "status": "confirmed", "cluster": "macs-j0138.0m2155", "ra": "01:38:03.63", "dec": "-21:55:50.4", "z": 1.95, "refs": [ "2021NatAs...5.1118R", "2024ApJ...967L..37P", "2025A&A...697A..94G", "2025A&A...699A.101A", "2025A&A...702A.157E", "2026ApJ...998..219P", "2026A&A...708A.291S", "arXiv:2606.25205" ], "notes": "Supernova in the lensed quiescent galaxy MRG-M0138, found in 2016 HST images\n([Rodney et al. 2021](ref:2021NatAs...5.1118R)). Three images were seen; a fourth is\npredicted to arrive in the 2030s. The same galaxy later hosted\n[SN Encore](transient:sn-encore), and the \"Cosmology with supernova Encore\" papers model\nboth. Forecasts of the reappearance: [Suyu et al. (2026)](ref:2026A&A...708A.291S)." }, { "name": "SN Typhon", "class": "supernova", "status": "confirmed", "cluster": "abell-370", "ra": "02:39:52.08", "dec": "-01:35:50.5", "links": [ { "label": "JWST DD 12503 (spectroscopy)", "url": "https://www.stsci.edu/jwst-program-info/program/?program=12503" } ], "notes": "Triply-imaged supernova behind Abell 370. Archival HST and JWST imaging covers its\nlight curve from 1 to 500 observer-frame days after explosion (2024); the brightest\nimage is magnified about 20 times. A DD spectrum was requested for its redshift and type,\nwhich the H0 measurement needs. Not the same object as the\n[archival supernova](transient:abell-370-archival-sn) of Chen et al. (2022). No paper\nyet; details from the public DD proposal. Position: the brightest image." }, { "name": "SPT-CL J0516-5755 SN candidate", "class": "supernova", "status": "candidate", "cluster": "spt-cl-j0516m5755", "refs": [ "2026ApJ..1001...60C" ], "notes": "Candidate multiply-imaged supernova reported by the SLICE team\n([Cerny et al. 2026a](ref:2026ApJ..1001...60C))." }, { "name": "WH J040011.7-270711 AGN candidate", "class": "agn", "status": "candidate", "cluster": "wh-j040011.7m270711", "refs": [ "2025A&A...698A..29B" ], "notes": "Candidate strongly lensed quasar with an 18 arcsec image separation\n([Bazzanini et al. 2025](ref:2025A&A...698A..29B))." } ], "programs": [ { "id": "clash", "name": "Cluster Lensing And Supernova survey with Hubble", "short": "CLASH", "kind": "survey", "facilities": [ "HST" ], "url": "https://www.stsci.edu/~postman/CLASH/Home.html", "archive": "https://archive.stsci.edu/prepds/clash/", "overview": "2012ApJS..199...25P", "links": [ { "label": "Information for astronomers", "url": "https://www.stsci.edu/~postman/CLASH/for_astronomers.html" } ] }, { "id": "clash-vlt", "name": "CLASH-VLT", "short": "CLASH-VLT", "kind": "survey", "facilities": [ "VLT" ], "url": "https://sites.google.com/site/vltclashpublic/home", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models (INFN Ferrara lensing group)", "url": "https://www.fe.infn.it/astro/lensing/" } ] }, { "id": "hff", "name": "Hubble Frontier Fields", "short": "HFF", "kind": "survey", "facilities": [ "HST" ], "url": "https://outerspace.stsci.edu/display/HPR/HST+Frontier+Fields", "archive": "https://archive.stsci.edu/prepds/frontier/", "overview": "2017ApJ...837...97L", "links": [ { "label": "Lens models and acknowledgement information", "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/prepds/frontier/lensmodels/" } ] }, { "id": "buffalo", "name": "Beyond Ultra-deep Frontier Fields And Legacy Observations", "short": "BUFFALO", "kind": "survey", "facilities": [ "HST" ], "url": "https://buffalo.ipac.caltech.edu/", "archive": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsp/buffalo", "overview": "2020ApJS..247...64S", "note": "Targets the six Hubble Frontier Fields clusters." }, { "id": "relics", "name": "Reionization Lensing Cluster Survey", "short": "RELICS", "kind": "survey", "facilities": [ "HST" ], "url": "https://relics.stsci.edu/", "archive": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsp/relics", "overview": "2019ApJ...884...85C" }, { "id": "sgas", "name": "Sloan Digital Sky Survey Giant Arcs Survey", "short": "SGAS", "kind": "survey", "facilities": [ "HST" ], "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsp/sgas", "archive": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsp/sgas", "overview": "2020ApJS..247...12S", "note": "Overview reference: the HST lens models of 37 SGAS clusters." }, { "id": "locuss", "name": "Local Cluster Substructure Survey", "short": "LoCuSS", "kind": "survey", "facilities": [ "HST" ], "url": "https://www.sr.bham.ac.uk/locuss/home.php", "overview": "2010MNRAS.404..325R", "note": "Overview reference: strong-lensing analysis of 20 LoCuSS clusters." }, { "id": "glass-jwst", "name": "GLASS-JWST Early Release Science program", "short": "GLASS-JWST", "kind": "survey", "facilities": [ "JWST" ], "url": "https://glass.astro.ucla.edu/ers/", "archive": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsp/glass-jwst", "overview": "2022ApJ...935..110T" }, { "id": "uncover", "name": "UNCOVER JWST Treasury survey", "short": "UNCOVER", "kind": "survey", "facilities": [ "JWST" ], "url": "https://jwst-uncover.github.io/", "overview": "2024ApJ...974...92B" }, { "id": "canucs", "name": "CAnadian NIRISS Unbiased Cluster Survey", "short": "CANUCS", "kind": "survey", "facilities": [ "JWST" ], "url": "https://niriss.github.io/", "archive": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsp/canucs", "overview": "2022PASP..134b5002W", "links": [ { "label": "Data Release 1", "url": "https://niriss.github.io/data_release1.html" }, { "label": "DR1 lens models", "url": "https://www.canfar.net/storage/vault/list/canucs/CANUCS_DR1/lensing" } ] }, { "id": "pearls", "name": "Prime Extragalactic Areas for Reionization and Lensing Science", "short": "PEARLS", "kind": "survey", "facilities": [ "JWST" ], "url": "https://sites.google.com/view/jwstpearls", "overview": "2023AJ....165...13W" }, { "id": "slice", "name": "Strong LensIng and Cluster Evolution", "short": "SLICE", "kind": "survey", "facilities": [ "JWST" ], "overview": "2026ApJ..1001...60C", "note": "JWST snapshot survey of strong-lensing clusters; models are being released on the\n[LAM Strong Lensing Cluster Atlas](program:lam-atlas)." }, { "id": "venus", "name": "Vast Exploration for Nascent, Unexplored Sources", "short": "VENUS", "kind": "survey", "facilities": [ "JWST" ], "proposal": "JWST GO 6882", "url": "https://www.stsci.edu/jwst-program-info/download/jwst/pdf/6882/", "note": "Membership from the program's fixed-target list (JWST GO 6882)." }, { "id": "templates", "name": "Targeting Extremely Magnified Panchromatic Lensed Arcs and their Extended Star formation", "short": "TEMPLATES", "kind": "survey", "facilities": [ "JWST" ], "url": "https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsp/templates" }, { "id": "alcs", "name": "ALMA Lensing Cluster Survey", "short": "ALCS", "kind": "survey", "facilities": [ "ALMA" ], "url": "https://www.ioa.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp/ALCS/", "overview": "2024ApJS..275...36F", "note": "ALMA Band 6 (1.2 mm) mosaics of 33 lensing clusters drawn from the Hubble Frontier\nFields, CLASH and RELICS (Fujimoto et al. 2024, Table 1)." }, { "id": "muse-lensing", "name": "MUSE lensing-cluster data release", "short": "MUSE DR", "kind": "survey", "facilities": [ "VLT" ], "url": "https://cral-perso.univ-lyon1.fr/labo/perso/johan.richard/MUSE_data_release/", "overview": "2021A&A...646A..83R", "note": "MUSE/VLT observations of lensing clusters, with redshift catalogues and Lenstool mass\nmodels, published on Johan Richard's data-release page. As of October 2026 the page lists\n19 clusters: the 12 of the Richard et al. (2021) atlas, five added by Thai et al. (2023)\n(Abell 2390, Abell 2667, Abell S1063, MACS J0451.9+0006, MACS J0520.7-1328), SMACS\nJ2332.4-5358 and MACS J0600.1-2008, whose model directory is still empty. A model of\nAbell 521 is online but not linked from the page." }, { "id": "lam-atlas", "name": "LAM Strong Lensing Cluster Atlas", "short": "SL Atlas", "kind": "database", "url": "https://data.lam.fr/sl-cluster-atlas/home" }, { "id": "lenstool", "name": "Lenstool website (archived models)", "short": "Lenstool", "kind": "database", "url": "https://projets.lam.fr/projects/lenstool/wiki" } ], "references": { "1997ApJ...486L..75F": { "label": "Franx et al. (1997)", "title": "A pair of lensed galaxies at z=4.92 in the field of CL 1358+62", "doi": "10.1086/310844" }, "1998ApJ...499..600N": { "label": "Natarajan et al. 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